不同有机肥对土壤肥力及鲜食玉米农艺性状、产量与品质的影响

Selection and comprehensive evaluation of nitrogen-efficient foxtail millet varieties based on principal component analysis

  • 摘要:目的 】探索不同有机肥对鲜食玉米的影响,确定适宜不同种植需求的有机肥料。【 方法 】以2种鲜食玉米为材料,以5种不同类型的有机肥为处理,通过隶属函数法综合评价土壤肥力、农艺性状、产量和品质。【 结果 】施用2年不同有机肥土壤速效钾含量缓慢上升后下降,其他营养成分逐年上升;氨基酸有机肥提升了最多的有机质含量(0.32%),其次为微生物有机肥;化肥提升了最多的碱解氮(4.75 mg/kg)、有效磷(2.24 mg/kg)、速效钾(13.55 mg/kg)、全氮(119.72 mg/kg)、全磷(33.28 mg/kg)和全钾(1 384.18 mg/kg)含量,其次为氨基酸有机肥。不同有机肥对鲜食玉米的农艺性状影响不同,海藻有机肥+微生物菌剂组合的产量指标优于化肥。氨基酸有机肥的各个营养成分含量在有机肥料处理中普遍处于较高水平。【 结论 】海藻有机肥+微生物菌剂综合促进鲜食玉米能力最强,氨基酸有机肥可保持较高产量的同时提升鲜食玉米营养成分及土壤养分。

     

    Abstract:Objective 】In order to explore the effects of different organic fertilizers on fresh corn and determine suitable organic fertilizers for different planting needs. 【 Methods 】two varieties of fresh corn were used as the experimental materials and five different types of organic fertilizers were used as treatments. Soil fertility, agronomic traits, yield, and quality were conduct by comprehensive evaluation. 【 Results 】The results showed that the application of different organic fertilizers over two years led to a slow increase followed by a decrease in soil available potassium content, while other nutrient components increased annually. Amino acid organic fertilizer had the highest increase in organic matter content (0.32%), followed by microbial organic fertilizer. Chemical fertilizer had the highest increase in available nitrogen (4.75 mg/kg), available phosphorus (2.24 mg/kg), available potassium (13.55 mg/kg), total nitrogen (119.72 mg/kg), total phosphorus (33.28 mg/kg), and total potassium (1384.18 mg/kg) content, followed by amino acid organic fertilizer. Different organic fertilizers had varying effects on the agronomic traits of fresh corn, with the yield index of seaweed organic fertilizer combined with microbial agents being superior to chemical fertilizer. The nutrient content of amino acid organic fertilizer was generally at a higher level in the organic fertilizer treatments.【 Conclusion 】The results of comprehensive evaluation using membership function method showed that the combination of seaweed organic fertilizer and microbial agents was found to most effectively promote the ability of fresh corn, while amino acid organic fertilizer could maintain high yields while enhancing the nutritional content of fresh corn and soil fertility.

     

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