Abstract: 【 Objective 】To reveal the response mechanism of winter wheat to seed fertilizer separation spacing by studying the effects of seed fertilizer separation on the growth and development, photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation, distribution and yield formation of winter wheat in Xinjiang Tacheng area in the hope of providing technical support for the high-yield cultivation of winter wheat in Tae Basin. 【 Methods 】A randomized block design was conducted, and four treatments B₁ (0 cm), B₂ (4 cm), B₃ (6 cm) and B₄ (8 cm) were set up at the separation distance of seed fertilizer and then the effects of different treatments on the emergence rate, leaf area index, SPAD value, photosynthesis, dry matter accumulation, distribution and yield formation of winter wheat were studied, taking local field production as CK. 【 Results 】With the increase of seed fertilizer spacing in the range, wheat emergence rate, leaf area index, SPAD value, dry matter accumulation, panicle number, kernel number per spike and yield all showed an increasing trend, and B₄ (8 cm) reached the maximum level. Compared with CK, the seed separation rate was significantly increased by 4.45%, panicle number increased by 4.32%, kernel number increased by 16.73% and yield increased by 5.46%. The yield was B₄ > B₃ > B₂ > CK > B₁, and the difference between B₄ and B₁, B₂ and B₃ was significant, with a significant increase of 9.35%, 3.14% and 2.25%. 【 Conclusion 】Adjusting the separation distance of winter wheat seed fertilizer in a certain range can improve the effect of fertilizer, increase seedling emergence rate and leaf area index, and affect winter wheat yield and yield composition. In this experimental study, B₄ performs best.