Abstract: 【 Objective 】To clarify the relationship between water status of cotton plants and morphological characteristics of top stems and leaves in the hope of providing a scientific basis for the identification, modeling and non-destructive diagnosis of cotton water characteristics. 【 Methods 】Using the method of field experiment, referring to the local field cotton conventional irrigation cycle and irrigation time, in the bud stage, early flowering stage, early flowering and boll-setting stage, middle flowering and boll-setting stage, late flowering and boll-setting stage, the morphological characteristics of cotton (the distance between the top two leaves, the angle between the petiole and the main stem, the angle between the leaf and the main stem) and the variation characteristics of plant water content in different growth stages were observed. 【 Results 】(1) In an irrigation cycle of bud stage and early flowering stage, with the decrease of plant water content, the distance between the top two leaves gradually increased, and the angle between leaf and main stem and the angle between petiole and main stem gradually decreased. (2) In the three irrigation cycles of early flowering and boll-setting stage, middle flowering and boll-setting stage and late flowering and boll-setting stage, the distance between the top two leaves and the angle between leaf and main stem increased with the decrease of plant water content, and the angle between petiole and main stem decreased with the decrease of plant water content. The distance between the top two leaves and the angle between leaf and main stem were similar to those at the initial flowering stage, while the angle between leaf and main stem was opposite to that at the initial flowering stage. (3) There was a significant linear relationship between the distance between the top two leaves, the angle between the leaf and the main stem, the angle between the petiole and the main stem and the water content of cotton. 【 Conclusion 】In summary, during the whole growth period of cotton, the morphological characteristics of cotton, such as the distance between the top two leaves, the angle between petiole and main stem, and the angle between leaf and main stem, have a good response to the water condition of cotton.