Abstract: 【Objective】 To study 9 wild Phleum pratense (L. ) from different regions of Xinjiang and 1 cultivated species with a view to analysis of the plant morphological characteristics and yield traits and evaluation the excellent germplasm materials for the cultivation of new varieties. 【Methods】 In this study, the homogeneous garden test and determination method were used to analyze and evaluate the excellent germplasm by principal component, clustering and grey correlation degree. 【Results】 (1) There were significant differences in other indexes among 10 Phleum pratense (L.) materials except for stem node number, panicle width and 1000-grain weight. The coefficient of variation was between 5.32 % and 30.15 %, and the variation of ear leaf distance was the largest. (2) In terms of yield traits, the forage yield was between 5,233.33 and 9,844.33 kg/hm², and the seed yield was between 34.08 and 105.2 kg/hm². (3) Forage yield was significantly positively correlated with flag leaf length and significantly negatively correlated with ear leaf spacing. There was a significant positive correlation between seed yield and plant height, a significant positive correlation between seed yield and stem diameter, leaf width and ear length, and a significant negative correlation between seed yield and ear leaf distance. There was no significant difference between 1000-grain weight and plant morphological characteristics. (4) The cumulative contribution rate of the first six principal components was 76.47 %. (5) T₉ and T₁₀ showed the highest plant, longer flag leaf, smallest ear leaf distance, larger ear, full seed, highest fresh grass yield and seed yield. 【Conclusion】 The characteristics of T₉ and T₁₀ are better than other materials, which can be used as the first choice for the selection of excellent germplasm materials.