Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the response of growth and fruit formation to water, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of Korla fragrant pear in the hope of providing theoretical. 【Methods】 Basis for improving quality and increasing yield of Korla fragrant pear. Four factors of water, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were set in the test, among which, two levels of water were set. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were set at three levels, namely water (2,400 kg/hm²; 3,600 kg/hm²), nitrogen (150 kg/hm²; 300 kg/hm²; 450 kg/hm²), Phosphorus (1,12.5 kg/hm²; 225 kg/hm²; 337.5 kg/hm²), potassium (55 kg/hm²; 110 kg/hm²; 165 kg/hm²) to determine the growth, fruit quality and yield of pear trees. 【Results】 (1) The growth amount of W₁N₂P₃K₁ branch was the highest, and the diameter of W₂N₃P₂K₁ branch was the largest. The range analysis of branch growth dynamics of Korla Fragrant Pear showed that W₂N₂P₂K₁ had the best effect on branch growth, and the results of branch diameter were consistent with the actual measurement. (2) It was seen that the growth trend of W₁N₂P₃K₁ fruit shape was closest to the fitting growth curve, R² was closest to 1, which was most consistent with the growth law. (3) W₁N₁P₂K₃ treatment ranked the highest, with the best fruit quality performance. (4) Its yield under W₁N₃P₃K₃ was the highest and the fruit weight of Korla fragrant pear was relatively good. 【Conclusion】 Considering pear tree growth, fruit quality and actual yield, the growth, fruit quality and yield of Korla Fragrant Pear treated with W₁N₃P₃K₃ are better.