Abstract: 【Objective】 To clarify the appropriate sowing date and planting density of peanut production in northern Xinjiang. 【Methods】 Huayu 25 was used as the test variety. The experiment was designed with three sowing dates of May 3, May 10 and May 17, and four planting density levels of 13.0×10⁴, 14.5×10⁴, 16.0×10⁴ and 17.5×10⁴ holes/hm², to analyze the effects of sowing date and planting density on agronomic traits, dry matter accumulation, yield and quality of peanut. 【Results】 With the push of the sowing date, the main stem height, the number of branches and the leaf area index all decreased at the same planting density. The accumulation of dry matter and yield increased first and then decreased, with the highest treatment on May 10. Peanut protein, fat and oleic acid levels were the highest on May 3. Planting density also had a significant effect on the agronomic traits of peanut during each reproductive period, too high and too low planting density were unfavorable to the accumulation of dry material and yield, low-density planting was more conducive to improving the quality of peanut seeds. 【Conclusion】 The sowing period and density interaction significantly affect the growth and development of peanut throughout the growth period. The suitable sowing time of peanuts in northern Xinjiang is between May 3 and May 10, and the planting density is from 14.5×10⁴ to 16.0×10⁴ holes/hm².