Abstract: 【Objective】 To clarify the allelopathic effects of apple and pear root extracts on the seed germination and seedling growth of Ostericum aquaticum, and to provide a theoretical basis for the agroforestry intercropping system. 【Methods】 The effects of different concentrations of aqueous extracts from apple and pear roots on the seed germination, seedling growth, and fresh weight of the receptor plant were studied using the petri dish paper method. The nutrition pot seedling method was used to study the effects of different concentrations of aqueous extracts from apple and pear roots on the physiological indicators of the receptor plant. 【Results】 (1) The apple root extract exhibited a significant allelopathic effect on the growth and physiological metabolism of Ostericum aquaticum seeds. With the increase of extract concentration, the germination rate, fresh weight, and seedling growth of Ostericum aquaticum initially increased and then decreased. There were also significant differences in biochemical indicators such as soluble protein, soluble sugar, proline, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase in the seedlings under different concentrations of apple root extract. (2) The pear root extract had a significant allelopathic effect on the growth and physiological metabolism of Ostericum aquaticum. Similar to the apple root extract, with the increasing concentration of pear root extract, the germination rate, fresh weight, and seedling growth of Ostericum aquaticum showed an initial increase followed by a decrease. There were also significant differences in the physiological indicators of the seedlings under different concentrations of pear root extract. (3) By taking the average of the allelopathic effect index RI for each indicator for a comprehensive evaluation, it was concluded that both apple and pear root extracts inhibited the growth of Ostericum aquaticum, with the absolute value RI (pear) > RI (apple). 【Conclusion】 Because apple has little inhibition on the growth of Ostericum aquaticum, interplanting with apple can be considered when interplanting.