Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the effects of different nitrogen application rates on the growth characteristics and soil nutrient content of drip irrigated wheat, explore suitable nitrogen application rates for wheat nutrient accumulation and growth and development in the hope of providing theoretical basis for scientific and rational application of chemical fertilizers and protection of farmland ecological environment. 【Methods】 Spring wheat under drip irrigation was used as the research object. Through field experiments, five nitrogen application levels were set up, including control (0kg/hm², N₀), 105 kg/hm² (N₁), 210 kg/hm², (N₂), 315 kg/hm² (N₃), and 420 kg/hm² (N₄), to analyze the differences in the effects of each treatment on the growth of spring wheat (SPAD value, yield and yield components, as well as the accumulation of soil nutrients (organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium) at different levels. 【Results】 The SPAD values of spring wheat during the jointing stage, booting stage, flowering stage, and filling stage increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. The results showed that a nitrogen application rate of 315 kg/hm² was more conducive to the accumulation of SPAD values. The organic matter content in the 0-10 cm soil showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increase of nitrogen application rate; The organic matter content in 10-40 cm soil demonstrated a trend of first decreasing, then increasing, and then decreasing with the increase of nitrogen application rate; The organic matter content in the 40-60 cm soil displayed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increase of nitrogen application rate; The total nitrogen and available nitrogen content in each layer of soil from 0-60 cm showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of nitrogen application rate; The content of available phosphorus and available potassium in each layer of 0-60 cm soil showed a trend of first decreasing, then increasing, and then decreasing with the increase of nitrogen application rate. The yield was significantly correlated with plant height, spike length, total number of spikelets, number of fertile spikelets, number of grains per main spike, and grain weight per plant (P<0.05, with coefficients of 0.732^*, 0.665^*, 0.765^**, 0.737^*, 0.773^**, and 0.592^*, respectively). The yield ranking of different treatments was: N₃>N₄>N₂>N₁>N₀, and the nitrogen application rate of 315 kg/hm² was most conducive to improving spring wheat yield. 【Conclusion】 The research finding indicates that a nitrogen application rate of 315 kg/hm² is more suitable for the growth of spring wheat in southern Xinjiang.