Abstract: 【Objective】 This research aims to understand the effects of microbial agents combined with nitrogen fertilizer on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of wheat. 【Methods】 Field experiments were conducted on the treatment of microbial agents combined with nitrogen fertilizer.A comparative study was conducted on the chlorophyll SPAD value, leaf area index, photosynthetic fluorescence index, and yield of wheat under different treatments. 【Results】 The photosynthetic characteristics of wheat leaves varied among different treatments.There was no significant difference in chlorophyll SPAD value, initial fluorescence intensity, and maximum photochemical efficiency among the treatments.The chlorophyll SPAD value of PN₂ was the highest in the combination treatment of full nitrogen fertilizer and microbial agent, and the chlorophyll SPAD value during the flowering and filling stages increased by 0.68 and 0.70, respectively, compared to the full nitrogen fertilizer treatment without microbial agent.The leaf area index of PN₂ treated with a combination of full nitrogen fertilizer and microbial agents was the highest, significantly higher than that of PN₀ treated without nitrogen fertilizer.The leaf area index during the flowering and filling stages increased by 38.59% and 37.70%, respectively, compared to PN₀.The net photosynthetic rate of PN₂ treated with a combination of full nitrogen fertilizer and microbial agents was higher than that of PN₁, PN₃, and PN₄ treatments, and significantly higher than that of PN₀ treatment.The combination of full nitrogen fertilizer and microbial agents resulted in the highest PN₂, significantly higher than other treatments, with an increase of 41.63%, 9.53%, 20.65%, and 22.70% compared to PN₀, PN₁, PN₃, and PN₄ treatments, respectively. 【Conclusion】 The combination of full nitrogen fertilizer and microbial agents showed the best comprehensive performance in wheat photosynthetic characteristics and yield.