Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this study is to explore the effects of different drip irrigation rates on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of drip irrigation winter wheat in northern Xinjiang, and to provide a theoretical basis for drip irrigation winter wheat irrigation in northern Xinjiang. 【Methods】 Xindong 41 was used as experimental material, and three spring irrigation treatments of 3,000 m³ /hm²(W₁), 3,600 m³ /hm²(W₂) and 4,200 m³ /hm²(W₃) were set in a randomized block design under field drip irrigation. The effects of different drip irrigation on SPAD value, leaf area index (LAI), photosynthetic characteristics, yield and yield components of winter wheat under limited irrigation were studied. 【Results】 The results showed that the SPAD value of wheat leaves under different treatments showed a trend of "first decreasing, then increasing and then decreasing" with the growth process, and the maximum SPAD value of leaves at flowering stage under W₃ treatment was 54.65. The LAI of winter wheat under different drip irrigation treatments showed a trend of "first increasing and then decreasing" with the growth process, and the highest LAI was reached at the flowering stage, among which the highest LAI was 6.54 under W₂ treatment. Leaf transpiration rate (Tr) and stomatal conductivity (Gs) of winter wheat under drip irrigation increased with the increase of irrigation amount, while net photosynthetic rate (Pn) showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and W₃>W₂>W₁ was the highest in all W₃ treatments, and leaf water use efficiency (WUE_Leaf) showed a downward trend. Panicle number, kernel number per spike and 1000-grain weight of different treatments were W₂ > W₃ > W₁; The maximum yield of W₂ treatment was 8,559.83 kg/hm², which was 0.3% and 19.8% higher than those of W₃ and W₁ treatment, respectively. 【Conclusion】 W₂ treatment has better performance in winter wheat yield and other aspects.