Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of this study is to investigate the species composition and dominant species of the weed seed bank in the oasis irrigation area of Xinjiang. 【Methods】 To analyze the correlation between the density of dominant species and soil physicochemical factors, as well as the influence of environmental factors on weed seed germination. 【Results】 The results showed that a total of 19 species of weeds in 11 families were detected in the soil samples, including 14 species, 13 species and 17 species under mulched, diffuse and non-mulched drip irrigation, respectively.Based on the analysis of relative dominance and weed density: E.crus-galli, C.glaucum, A.retroflexus, S.viridis, A.theophrasti, and H.trionum.It is the dominant weed in corn field in weed seed bank.The correlation analysis between the density of dominant species and soil physicochemical factors showed that soil EC value was the main factor affecting the density of A.retroflexus, C.glaucum and E.crus-galli, organic matter was the main factor affecting the density of S.viridis, phosphorus content was the main factor affecting the A.theophrasti, and phosphorus content promoted the growth of H.trionum.There was a positive correlation between the germination rate and temperature of six kinds of weeds in corn field, E.crus-galli, C.glaucum, A.retroflexus, S.viridis, A.theophrasti, and H.trionum. 【Conclusion】 The germination rate of six corn weeds, namely A.retroflexus, S.viridis, C.glaucum, H.trionum, A.theophrasti and E.crus-galli were positively correlated with temperature and water potential, but negatively correlated with salt stress.Under the condition of pH 8-10, six kinds of weeds could germinate normally.