Abstract: 【Objective】 To compare and analyze the current situation, the regional advantage and the resource endowment coefficient of vegetable production in Xinjiang. 【Methods】 Concentration index (CR), scale comparative advantage index (sai), efficiency comparative advantage index (EAI), comprehensive comparative advantage index (CAI), and resource endowment coefficient (EF) were used to comprehensively analyze the vegetable production concentration degree, regional comparative advantage and resource endowment advantage of all counties (cities) in Xinjiang. 【Results】 From 2010 to 2020, vegetable production in Xinjiang was generally stable, with an area of 250,000 hectares, with an output of 13 million tons and a yield of 50 tons per hectare or more.In 2020, Hejing County, Yarkant County, Shule County, Kargilik County and Yanqi Hui Autonomous County were established as five major planting areas, each with an area of more than 10,000 hectares.Hejing County, Yanqi Hui Autonomous County, Kargilik County were the three major production areas, and the output of each were more than 700,000 tons.The Concentration Ratio CR₃, CR₅ and CR₈ were 0.20,0.29 and 0.42 respectively, and the SAI results showed that Bagrax County, Hejing County, Hoxud County, Yanqi Hui Autonomous County, Urumqi and Turpan were higher, The results of EAI were as follows: Korla, Luntai County, Manas County and Yuli County were higher, 2.654, 2.535, 2.121 and 2.040, respectively; The results of CAI were as follows: Hejing County, Fukang, Yanqi Hui Autonomous County, Kashgar, Urumqi were higher, in order: 3.151, 2.772, 2.498, 2.302, 2.163; The EF results of Bagrax County, Yanqi Hui Autonomous County, Hejing and Hoxud County were higher, 6.324, 5.228, 4.752 and 4.354, respectively. 【Conclusion】