Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this study is to identify and quantitatively analyze nitrogen abundance and deficiency according to the growth requirements of winter wheat during the key growth periods, so as to realize quantitative nitrogen fertilization, which is the key technology that should be solved in precise fertilization and intelligent planting. 【Methods】 ASD HH2 hyperspectrometer was used to obtain the reflectance of winter wheat canopy with different nitrogen application rates, and the chlorophyll concentration and yield were recorded.According to the reflectance of the winter wheat canopy, 14 vegetation indices were extracted, and the vegetation index that best characterized the nitrogen status of plants was selected, and a nitrogen application model based on vegetation index variables was constructed according to the relationship between nitrogen application rate, vegetation index and winter wheat yield. 【Results】 (1) Chlorophyll concentration could accurately reflect the growth status and nitrogen application effect of winter wheat, and there were significant differences in the canopy reflectance data of winter wheat under different nitrogen application rates.(2) Correlation analysis showed that the normalized vegetation index NDVI had a good correlation coefficient of 0.705, which better reflected the nitrogen effect of winter wheat canopy.(3) A variable nitrogen fertilization model based on NDVI was constructed at booting stage, i.e., Nr=700.59×NDVI²-1 693.46×NDVI+955.92, which provided a scientific basis for precise nitrogen fertilization of winter wheat. 【Conclusion】 The hyperspectral data obtained by ASD HH2 were used to construct a model and method of nitrogen fertilization in winter wheat, which provided an important reference for the in-depth study of precision fertilization of winter wheat.