Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the germination characteristics and physiological characteristics of spring wheat seeds in Kazakhstan in the hope of providing reliable parent materials for breeding spring wheat varieties in the northwest arid region in China. 【Methods】 10% polyethylene glycol (polyethylene glycol 6000, PEG-6000) hypertonic solution was used to simulate drought stress conditions, the root length, seedling length, fresh root/dry weight, seeding fresh/dry weight, germination rate, germination potential and germination index of 28 test materials at seedling stage were compared and analyzed. In addition, the comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance during germination was carried out by membership function, principal component analysis. 【Results】 The results showed that compared with the control, the root length, seedling length, fresh root weight, fresh/dry weight, germination vigor and germination rate of Kazakhstan spring wheat germplasm under drought stress treatment were decreased significantly (P < 0.05), ranging from 18.29% to 52.17%, while root dry weight were significantly increased (P < 0.05), with an average increase of 66.67%, respectively. There were different degrees of correlation between the indicators, and most of the indicators had significant or extremely significant correlations between the drought resistance coefficients. The 9 drought resistance-related indicators of wheat seedling stage could be converted into 4 independent comprehensive indicators (fresh seedling/dry weight, seedling length and germination rate), which might be used as main indicator for drought tolerance evaluation of Kazakhstan spring wheat germplasm at seedling stage. Cluster analysis was performed on the weighted drought resistance index of 28 tested materials. 5 germplasms were classified as strong drought-resistant varieties, 17 were medium drought-resistant varieties, and 6 were weak drought-resistant varieties. 【Conclusion】 Due to strong germination characteristics and drought resistance at the seedling stage, 5 germplasms were suitable for providing drought-resistant parent materials in spring wheat breeding in the northwest arid region in China.