Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the effects of surface temperature and soil water content on the emergence of Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff, and to provide theoretical basis for improving the efficiency of pest control and reducing the cost of pest control. 【Methods】 In this study, the development zone of Karamay,Xinjiang, was taken as an example, select 12 representative forest areas(P₀-P₁₁). Based on the measured data of the emergence of Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff, the satellite data of surface temperature and soil moisture content, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and trends of the emergence of Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff were analyzed by trend analysis, correlation and regression analysis, and the effects of surface temperature and soil moisture content on its emergence in the spatial and temporal dimensions were discussed. 【Results】 (1)The pest damage of Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff was the most serious in P₃, P₄, P₁₀ and P₁₁, and the pest damage level of P₆ was always low. (2)The daily emergence of Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff was positively correlated with surface temperature and negatively correlated with soil water content, and this correlation was mainly concentrated before the peak day of emergence. (3)The negative correlation between the soil water content and the daily emergence of Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff at P₅, P₇ and P₈ was larger.(4)Before the peak of emergence in 2021, the surface temperature mainly affected the soil moisture content through the evaporation effect and indirectly affected the emergence process, while the surface temperature in 2022 mainly affected the emergence directly. 【Conclusion】 The effects of surface temperature and soil water content on the emergence of Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff are a comprehensive effect.Within the range of soil temperature and humidity suitable for the emergence of Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff, the increase of surface temperature or the decrease of soil water content will promote the emergence, and vice versa, it will inhibit the emergence, and this effect is mainly concentrated before the peak day of emergence. In the spatial dimension, the soil water content in the stands of P₅, P₇ and P₈ has a great negative correlation with the daily emergence of Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff. Therefore, artificial irrigation can be carried out in these areas to inhibit the occurrence of Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff.