Abstract: 【Objective】 To clarify the drought resistance levels of different spring wheat varieties. 【Methods】 43 spring wheat varieties bred in Xinjiang were used as experimental materials and with two treatments of normal irrigation and drought stress, grain physical characteristics, agronomic traits and yield were determined, and then the drought resistance of different spring wheat varieties was comprehensively evaluated. 【Results】 (1) 43 spring wheat varieties were egg or long ovate, complete cutin and loose mouth shapes. (2) Under the condition of water content 35% in mountain drought field, eight spring wheat varieties were selected as the preferred material for spring wheat breeding in Xinjiang. Among them, the drought resistance of Xinchun 21 and Xinxin 688 reached strong and strong levels respectively, which belonged to the drought resistance materials; Xinchun 16 and Xinchun 19 had the highest yield in the materials with high drought resistance, belonging to the high-yield materials; Spring 33, 44,38 and 26 belonged to the varieties with both high yield and drought resistance. 【Conclusion】 Of the 43 medium and high yield varieties, 7 accounted for 16.3%, and 2 drought-resistant materials accounted for 4.6%.Spring wheat in Xinjiang generally has high yield but general drought resistance. The breeding of new varieties should be combined with the introduction of foreign high resistance resources.