Abstract: 【Objective】 To explore the temporal and spatial changes of natural grassland vegetation coverage and its relationship with meteorological factors in northern Xinjiang from 1998 to 2018, so as to provide technical support for the ecological restoration of degraded grassland. 【Methods】 Based on the MODIS-NDVI product data and meteorological data for many years, the pixel dichotomy model was used to retrieve the natural grassland coverage in northern Xinjiang in recent 20 years and reveal the temporal and spatial changes of grassland vegetation coverage in this region, and correlation analysis was performed on temperature and precipitation, to discuss the relationship between natural grassland vegetation coverage and meteorological factors in northern Xinjiang. 【Results】 (1) During the study period, the vegetation coverage of natural grassland in Northern Xinjiang was generally smaller in the middle and East, and larger in the north, West and south.(2) From the state of grassland change in recent 20 years in northern Xinjiang, it could be seen that 57.51% of the grassland change rate showed an increasing trend, and 42.49% of the grassland change rate showed a decreasing trend.(3) During the study period, the proportion of negative correlation between vegetation coverage and annual precipitation was 18.73%, and the proportion of positive correlation was 81.27%; There was a negative correlation between grassland vegetation coverage and annual average temperature in northern Xinjiang, accounting for 39.48% and a positive correlation of 60.52%. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that the correlation between vegetation coverage and annual precipitation was higher than that of annual temperature.