Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of this study is to provide a scientific basis for plant restoration and soil salinization management in desert areas. 【Methods】 Plant leaf morphology, physiological characteristics, plant biomass and soil moisture and salt content were measured, and water salinity was divided into three gradients to analyze the response of plant biomass to functional traits under different water and salt gradients. 【Results】 The results showed that :(1) canopy area (S) had significant differences under three soil water and salt gradients (P<0.05);The adaptability of plant leaf phosphorus content (LPC) in low salinity community was higher than that in medium salinity gradient.(2) The underground biomass (AGB) of plants with low salinity gradient was significantly lower than that with high salinity gradient (P<0.05);The aboveground biomass showed no significant difference in soil water and salt gradient (P<0.05).(3) Redundancy analysis (RDA) of plant functional traits and biomass showed that under the three gradients, canopy area (S) and plant height (H) were highly correlated with biomass, indicating that phenotype traits S, H and SLA could promote biomass growth during plant growth and development.(4) Multiple regression model showed that the indicator ability of desert plant function to biomass was gradually weakened with the increase of soil water and salt gradient. 【Conclusion】 The biomass of plants in the arid desert area of Aibi Lake decreases with the increase in soil water and salt.In the area of low water and low salt soil, plant adaptability is stronger.Phenotypic traits of plant leaves were more obvious than physiological ones in the high water and salt soil regions.The difference and correlation between plant function and biomass are not obvious in the soil area of medium water and salt.The increase of soil salt content in arid desert areas has already persecuted plant growth and caused serious ecological environmental problems.In arid desert ecosystems, the reduction of plant functional properties and biomass will degrade desert land and ultimately lead to changes in ecosystem functions.