Abstract: 【Objective】 To compare and analyze the planting situation, production input and output of the Xinjiang beet and the total production cost per mu and its structure by taking Yili Rive Valley, Tacheng-Emin Basin and the Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountain as the research areas. 【Methods】 The questionnaire data, the classification comparison method and proportion analysis method were used to compare and analyze the planting situation and economic benefits of sugar beet in Xinjiang. 【Results】 The Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountains and Tacheng-Emin Basin are 6.67-33.3 hm², accounting for a higher proportion of 33.33% and 42.86%, respectively;The farmers with yield per unit area of 4-5 t/667 m² were the most, accounting for 43.28%, followed by those with yield area of 5-6 t/667 m², accounting for 32.84%. Farmers below 4 t/667 m² accounted for only 5.97% of the total.The contract fee of Tacheng-Emin Basin is 329.29 yuan/667m², which is significantly lower than that of the other two beet growing areas, while the contract fee of the north slope of Tianshan Mountains is 550 yuan/667m², which is 83.77 yuan/667m² higher than that of all surveyed households.In the total cost composition of sugar beet planting, the contract cost, labor cost and machinery cost all accounted for a high proportion. The sugar beet planting cost in the north slope of Tianshan Mountain, Tacheng-Emin Basin and Yili Valley were 1,716.07 yuan, 1,429.76 yuan and 1,736.97 yuan /667m², respectively. 【Conclusion】 The production cost and economic benefit of sugar beet were affected by different planting areas, and the cost return rate of different regions was as follows: Tacheng-Emin Basin>Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountain>Yili Rive Valley, and contract cost, labor cost, machinery cost and fertilizer cost constituted the most important items of sugar beet planting items.