Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the change law of the vegetative growth period of sugar beet under drip irrigation in Xinjiang in the hope of providing a theoretical basis for the growth control of sugar beet high-yield and high-quality production by investigating the sugar accumulation process during the vegetative growth period of sugar beet and the rule of tuber swelling formation. 【Method】 After thinning, the number of green leaves, dead leaves, leaf height, tuber diameter and circumference of 5 sugar beets were measured at fixed points in the field every 5 days, and the whole plant was excavated without lack of seedlings.5 plants were measured for leaf weight, stem and leaf length.For indicators such as fresh root weight and hammerness, the leaf clusters and root dry matter were measured every 15 days, and the growth of the above-ground part of the plant and the change of the underground part were analyzed. 【Results】 From early June to late July, leaf clumps grew rapidly, the root leaf ratio was less than 1,and the growth rate of leaf clumps was higher than that of roots, and the sugar content fluctuated greatly under the influence of water; from late July to early September, the growth of leaf clumps showed a downward trend, and the roots exceeded the growth rate of the leaf clumps, and the root leaf ratio was greater than 1; from early September to early mid-October, a large number of beet leaf clumps withered, the growth of tuber roots tended to be flat, and the sugar content increased rapidly. 【Conclusion】 From early June to late July is the period of leaf cluster formation, and the growth center is located in the leaf cluster;The sugar content of root tuber increased from late July to early September, and the growth center was located in root tuber; The sugar accumulation period is from early September to early October.