Abstract: 【Objective】 This study analyzes the influence of different factors on the differentiated management behavior of farmers in Shiyang River Basin， Gansu Province. 【Methods】 Using field investigation， questionnaire survey and literature analysis，756 questionnaires of farmers in Shiyang River basin， Gansu Province， using ordered probit model and binary probit model， this paper analyzes the influencing factors of the trend of concurrent-business differentiation of farmers in Shiyang River Basin， Gansu Province， and explores the comprehensive factors that affect the degree of concurrent-business differentiation of farmers. 【Results】 In the order model， gender had a negative effect on the degree of concurrent-business differentiation of farmers at the 1% significant level， age had a positive effect on the degree of concurrent-business differentiation of farmers at the 10% and 5% significant levels， marital status had a significant negative effect on the degree of concurrent-business differentiation of farmers at the 1% significant level， the number of family labor force was positively promoting the degree of concurrent-business differentiation of farmers at the 1% significant level， and agricultural technology training had a negative effect on the degree of part-time differentiation of farmers at the 1% significant level； The library has a positive effect on the degree of concurrent-business differentiation of farmers at the significant level of 10% or 1%， and the cultural square has a negative effect on the degree of concurrent-business differentiation of farmers at the 1% significant level.Grain subsidy had a negative effect on the degree of concurrent-business differentiation of farmers at 10% significant level， and neighborhood relationship had a negative effect on the degree of concurrent-business differentiation of farmers at 10% or 5% significant level. Household life satisfaction had a positive effect on farmers' concurrent-business differentiation at 1% significant level， and farmers' environmental satisfaction had a negative effect on farmers' concurrent-business differentiation at 10% significant level. 【Conclusion】 The factors such as age， number of family labor force， library， family life satisfaction and so on have a significant positive effect on the degree of concurrent-business differentiation of farmers， gender， marriage， agricultural technology training， cultural square， food subsidies， neighborhood relations， environmental satisfaction and other factors have a significant negative effect on the degree of concurrent-business differentiation of farmers.