Abstract: 【Objective】 To elucidate the effects of different hole sowing patterns and plant row spacing on maize growth and yield components in Xinjiang． 【Method】 Taking maize variety Xinyu 59 as experimental material， under the condition of film mulching drip irrigation， two hole sowing modes of one hole one plant （H₁）and one hole three plants （H₃）with the same density were set respectively to analyze the changes of biological characters and yield components in maize growth period under different hole sowing modes and plant row spacing configuration. 【Result】 The results showed that：under the same planting density， the leaf area of H₃ treatment at jointing stage was significantly larger than that of H₁ treatment.The leaf area index of H₃ was 16% and 9% higher than that of H₁ at tasseling stage and filling stage， respectively， and the photosynthetic potential of H₃ was 18% and 25% higher than that of H₁；The plant height and stem diameter of H₁ treatment were 227.70 cm and 18.01mm respectively， which were 11% and 5% higher than those of H₃ treatment.The effective panicle number and grain number per panicle of H₃ treatment were 10% and 7% higher than that of H₁ treatment， and the difference was significant.The yield of H₃ was 11 825 kg / hm²，16% higher than that of H₁， and significantly higher than that of H₁. 【Conclusion】 The treatment of three plants in one hole significantly promoted the growth of leaf area， delayed the senescence of leaves at later stage， and contributed to the accumulation of photosynthetic products at later stage. After tasseling stage， the leaf area index and photosynthetic potential increased， promoted the reproductive growth of maize， and improved the ear grain quality and grain yield of maize. In the main corn production area of Xinjiang，the planting pattern of three plants in one hole and the suitable spacing between plants and rows are conducive to achieve the goal of high yield of corn under the density of 139 500 plants / hm² （9 300 plants / mu）.