Abstract: 【Objective】 In this study，32 maize combinations were used to further understand the genetic factor that affect traits，so as to select the most effective breeding methods. 【Method】 The experiment selected four maize inbred lines as testers and eight inbred lines as tested materials，then paired them into 32 combinations according to incomplete two-row hybrid design. 11 agronomic traits of maize hybrids，such as panicle length，panicle diameter，yield，axis diameter，grain length，hundred grain weight，panicle number，barren tip and growth period，were measured and the data wascompared and evaluated via variability analysis，correlation analysis，path analysis and principal component analysis. 【Result】 The variation coefficients of the tested materials for each agronomic trait ranged from 7.31% to 69.85%. Correlation analysis showed that ear diameter，hundred grain weight，row grain number and ear length were significantly positively correlated with yield （r=0.744 2，0.733 0，0.621 6 and 0.634 8），while bald tip length was negatively correlated with yield （r=-0.012 6）. Path analysis showed that panicle row number，panicle length，hundred grain weight，panicle height，stem diameter，axial diameter and plant height had direct positive effects on yield，while bare tip，axial diameter and row grain number itself had direct negative effects on yield. Principal component analysis showed that the contributions to yield of different agronomic factors were in order of ：panicle row number factor > panicle length factor > hundred grain weight factor >seed maize length factor.According to cluster analysis，the 32 materials could be divided into 4 groups，the characteristics of each group were analyzed on the basis of different breeding targets. 【Conclusion】 In order to fully tap the potential of germplasm resources and breed excellent maize varieties，attention should be paid to breeding materials with more rows of grain，coarser ears and smaller bare tips，in the meantime the 100-grain weight and the correlation with other traits should also be put into consideration.