Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the performance and meat quality of Xinjiang brown cattle and Kazak beef. 【Methods】 Five 12-month-old healthy Xinjiang brown cattle and five Kazak steers were selected, and under the same feeding and management conditions,after continuous fattening for 18 months, they were slaughtered for analyzing their body size development, meat performance and meat quality. Finally, these indexes were determined. 【Results】 Body height and cross height of Xinjiang brown cattle were significantly higher than that of Kazak cattle(P<0.05); The hind-leg girth, thick thighs, heavy carcass and eye muscle area of Xinjiang brown cattle were significantly higher than those of Kazak cattle(P<0.05); According to the analysis of meat quality, the shearing force of Xinjiang brown cattle was significantly lower than that of Kazak cattle(P<0.05); The flesh color of L^* A^* B^* of Xinjiang brown cattle was significantly higher than that of Kazak cattle(P<0.05); The fat and protein content was significantly higher than that of Kazakh cattle(P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 After comprehensive evaluation, Xinjiang brown cattle showed significant advantages in body size development and meat performance compared with Kazak cattle, and the meat quality was more outstanding.