Abstract: 【Objective】 To explore the regulation factors of grape cracking characteristics of different varieties from the verasion period to the maturity stage, and provide data support for the efficient cultivation of easy cracking fruit varieties in Xinjiang. 【Methods】 From the verasion period to the mature period, five varieties were taken as the research objects, through the structural substances of the cell wall, water-soluble pectin, propectin, hemicellulose content and metabolic hydrolase PG, PEP, PL and CE enzyme activity were measured and analyzed and finally cell wall structure observation and TUNEL cell apoptosis detection were combined to explore the relationship between cell wall composition and cell apoptosis of fruit cracking. 【Results】 80 to 90 days after flowering, the increase in the propectin content Rizamat was 1.1, Red Globe was 31.6,respectively, the Red Globe had the highest increase and the harvest time content was the highest among the five varieties. 70 to 90 days after flowering, the increase in the water-soluble pectin content was 80.8, 67.2% of Xinyu and Rizamat. The Red Globe had the lowest increase 26.1% and the harvest time content was lowest. The activity of pectatelyases of Red Globe decreased. The hemicellulose content of Rizamat increased significantly at maturity, 80 to 90 days after flowering, the increase was 134.7%, the content of Red Globe decreased and had the lowest increase -5.9%. The results of cell structure showed that Rizamat cuticle was uneven with fracture and chain missing, and epidermal cells were loosely arranged with intercellular space. Cavity appeared between subcellular of Xinyu. The stratum corneum of Red Globe was even and smooth, the cells were arranged orderly, and there was no obvious space between the cells. The TUNEL test showed that the programmed cell death was different, the Rizamat was serious during the harvest period, Xinyu, Munake and Black Monukka was milder, but no obvious finding was found in Red Globe. 【Conclusion】 During the ripening process of grape fruits, the content and growth rate of the propectin of the non-cracking varieties were significantly higher than easily cracking varieties. The content and growth rate of the water-soluble pectin and hemicelluloses were opposite. As the fruit matures, the easily cracking varieties cell wall structural polysaccharides under the action of enzymes related to cell wall metabolism, propectin is converted into water-soluble pectin, and cellulose is converted into hemicellulose, resulting in uneven surface with fracture and chain missing, and epidermal cells were loosely arranged with intercellular space, and programmed cell death are obvious, which reduces the strength of the peel and the extensibility of the cell wall, and in turn induces the occurrence of fruit cracking.