Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the effects of different proportions of humic acid water-soluble fertilizer on the growth and development of Xinjiang peanuts. 【Methods】 Through a three-year long-term location experiment, the main component analysis was used to comprehensively analyze the growth and yield of peanuts under different treatments. 【Results】 Under different water and fertilizer treatments, S₃ had the longest growth period of 136 days, which was 11 days longer than the control. The flowering needle period under the S₁ treatment was 3 days earlier than the control, and the pod setting period was increased, which was slightly different from the control growth period. In terms of speed, the dry matter growth rate and root-to-shoot ratio of peanut leaves, stems, pods, and roots under different treatments were significantly different, and their changing trends were in the form of "single peak". The dry matter accumulation rate under S₁ treatment was quite high. In terms of yield, the yield per plant (fresh weight) and yield per 667 m² of treatment S₁ were the highest, which were 140.33 g and 386.69 kg, respectively, which increased by 21.84% and 3.5% compared with the control. Principal component analysis found that treatment S₁ was in a 2-year trial among them, the overall score was the highest, indicating that the N-P-K ratio of humic acid water-soluble fertilizer treated with S₁ was more suitable for peanut growth. 【Conclusion】 The N-P-K ratio of 10-40-10 humic acid water-soluble fertilizer treatment (S₁) can advance the peanut flower needle period and prolong the pod setting period. The high P content promotes the dry matter growth rate of stalks and pods, and improves the yield of peanut per plant, whose yield is 117.86% higher than that of the traditional ternary compound fertilizer, and the comprehensive characteristics of peanut under S₁ treatment are better than those of other treatments, which can be used as a special water-soluble fertilizer for peanuts in Xinjiang for further demonstration experiments.