Abstract: 【Objective】 This study is aimed to evaluate the toxicity of three botanical insecticides (matrine, veratrine and azadirachtin) to Aphis gossypii and Hippodamia variegata with various development stages (eggs, 1 st and 3 rd larvae, adults). Our study provides a helpful insight of optimal using botanical insecticides to improve the green control of A. gossypii in cotton field. 【Method】 A quantitative spraying method with spray tower was deployed to test the toxicity of matrine, veratrine and azadirachtin on A. gossypii and H. variegata. 【Result】 Under the treatments of 2,000 mg/L, matrine had the highest toxicity on A. gossypii (the adjusted mortality rate was 89.3%) which was higher than veratrine (61.7%) and azadirachtin (57.6%). These three botanical insecticides are safe to H. variegate, after 2000 mg/L treatment for 96 h, the adjusted mortality rate of eggs was 16.5%, 20.9% and 20.9%, respectively. In addition, the mortality rate of 1^st larvae was 29.6%, 38.9% and 42.6% for 24 h, whereas 1.7%, 8.3% and 5.0% of 3^rd larvae, and the mortality rate of adults was no more than 20%. All ladybeetle mortality rates were significantly lower than imidacloprid control (100 mg/L). 【Conclusion】 Matrine, veratrine and azadirachtin are safe to H. variegata. Matrine has the higher toxicity on A. gossypii than veratrine and azadirachtin, and can be widely applied to control aphids in Xinjiang cotton fields.