Abstract: 【Objective】 Drought is the most important factor to reduce crop yield. Breeding varieties with strong drought resistance is an effective way to resist drought and ensure yield. Drought in wheat germination will lead to a large area of seedling shortage, which directly affects the stable development of wheat production. It is a direct and effective method to identify and select varieties with strong drought resistance in germination period from winter wheat variety resources in Xinjiang. 【Method】 Based on 134 local winter wheat varieties and 54 cultivated varieties in Xinjiang, drought tolerance during germination was simulated by PEG-6000. 【Result】 The results showed that bud length, root length, bud fresh weight, root fresh weight and root-to-crown ratio of local varieties were more affected by drought stress than those of bred varieties. Except that there was no correlation among individual indicators, there was a large correlation among most indicators. Four independent principal components were identified by principal component analysis as comprehensive indexes for drought tolerance identification. All materials were classified into 5 drought tolerance grades using comprehensive evaluation values, 7 high drought tolerance varieties were out of 134 local varieties, 3 high drought tolerance varieties were out of 54 cultivated varieties. All 18 drought-tolerant and 3 high-tolerant varieties were selected from Yili area. Among the 18 drought-tolerant varieties, Xindong 18 was the main cultivar in northern Xinjiang and Xindong 20 was the main cultivar in Kashi area of southern Xinjiang. 【Conclusion】 Through comprehensive evaluation of drought tolerance,10 varieties of Xinjiang winter wheat with strong drought resistance are selected.