Abstract: 【 Objective 】 To achieve the purpose of separating the shell and kernel materials of almond after breaking the shell, this project aims to design the air suction type separation device based on the principle of air suction, and optimize the parameters by software. 【 Methods 】 Finite element software Fluent 18.0 was used to simulate the three-dimensional model of air cavity. The results showed that part turbulence would be formed in the air chamber during the working process, and cleaning efficiency could be appropriately improved by adjusting the relative position of the transition port of the air chamber. The air separation test data was analyzed and calculated by using data analysis software Design Expert, the influence order of each factor on the loss ratio was feeding amount, vibration frequency and fan speed; The contribution rate of each factor on the selection rate from large to small was feeding amount, fan speed and vibration frequency. 【 Results 】 Through the optimization function, the best parameter combination was obtained as follows: feeding amount 4 kg/min, fan speed 2,300 r/min and vibration frequency 53 Hz, the verification test results showed that the selection rate was 95.68%, and the loss ratio was 2.85%. 【 Conclusion 】 Through the simulation analysis, the structure is improved, the test data optimized and the working parameter i adjusted. The selection rate index of the sorting device is obviously increased during the verification tests and the research results can provide a theoretical reference for the research development and optimization on the almond shell and kernel sorting by air suction equipment.