Abstract: 【Objective】 The mechanism of rice blast resistance, the localization and cloning of resistance genes and the application of resistance genes in rice breeding were reviewed in order to provide references for the identification and breeding of resistance genes in rice. 【Method】 To summarize and compare and analyze related literature at home and abroad.The application of different resistance genes in rice blast resistance was analyzed. 【Result】 With the rapid development of molecular biology, about 100 resistance genes have been identified at the quantitative trait loci associated with 500 disease resistance genes. 37 genes were identified and mapped to the rice genome. It has been successfully cloned; of the different breeding methods, genetically engineered breeding is the most direct method of blast-tolerant breeding of rice. 【Conclusion】 The identification of rice blast resistance gene is the basis of resistance breeding.The full utilization of resistance genes is conducive to the rapid and effective breeding of new varieties with broad spectrum and persistent resistance.