Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the effects of different nitrogen application rates on the growth, development and nutrient absorption and utilization of protected melon in the hope of providing reference for determining the best nitrogen application rate, improving the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer and reducing the application efficiency of chemical fertilizer. 【Methods】 muskmelon, a local variety in Turpan, Xinjiang, was used as the test material to analyze the effects of different nitrogen application on the growth and development of muskmelon and the nitrogen absorption and utilization under the condition of facility. 【Results】 Based on the application of a certain amount of P and K fertilizer, the growth curve of main vine and stem diameter in the growth period was "slow fast slow" three stages, and the length of main vine was in direct proportion to the amount of nitrogen application. With the increase of nitrogen application, the plant stem diameter, fruit vertical diameter, horizontal diameter and nitrogen absorption increased first and then decreased, and the optimized fertilization, compared with conventional fertilization, the nitrogen absorption rate and nitrogen utilization rate increased by 32.79% and 11.63% respectively. Excessive application of nitrogen reduced the contribution rate of nitrogen to yield, agronomic efficiency of nitrogen, partial productivity of nitrogen, physiological utilization rate of nitrogen and the ratio of nitrogen production to investment. 【Conclusion】 On the basis of ensuring the yield and quality of muskmelon and on the basis of optimizing fertilization, formula fertilization was carried out according to the soil fertility to increase the application of organic fertilizer. And according to the law of fertilizer requirement for melon growth results, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied scientifically and reasonably to realize the efficient utilization of nitrogen fertilizer, improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, reduce the application of chemical fertilizer and pesticide, and reduce the production cost in Turpan, thus efficiently increasing farmers' income and providing technical guarantee.