Abstract: 【Objective】 To investigate the effects of different remaining fruit spikes on leaf photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of tomatoes growing in Gobi solar greenhouses in southern Xinjiang in the hope of obtaining the economic optimal tomato fruit number left for Gobi greenhouse tomato production. 【Method】 NS3389 tomato was used as the test material, and four kinds of remaining spikes were set (T₃: three spikes; T₄: four spikes; T₅: five spikes; T₆: six spikes). Leaf photosynthetic characteristics, plant yield, and fruit quality of tomatoes were monitored to figure out better beneficial fruit remaining spikes. 【Result】 Except for T₃ and T6 treatments, the photosynthetic pigment content in functional leaves of tomato with different numbers of remaining fruit spikes generally increased with the increase of the number of retained fruit. The net photosynthetic rates (P_N) were significantly higher under those of T₄ and T₅ treatments, while the stomatal conductance (G_S), intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i), and transpiration rate (T_r) of tomato leaves under T₅ and T₆ treatments were higher than those of other treatments. The data of fruit yield per plant in T₆ treatment was significantly higher than those in other treatments, and the annual yield of greenhouse at T₄ and T₅ treatments were the highest. There was no significant difference in the fruit shape index among the treatments, while the contents of soluble solids, ascorbic acid (VC), and lycopene of fruits under T₄ and T₅ treatments were significantly higher than those under other treatments. 【Conclusion】 According to comprehensive yield and quality analysis, tomato production in Gobi greenhouses in southern Xinjiang is more suitable to adopt 4 and 5 spike fruit retention modes.