磁化不同水质滴灌对土壤盐分的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.12.026

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (12): 3086-3093.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.12.026

• 畜牧兽医·微生物·农业装备工程与机械化 • 上一篇下一篇

磁化不同水质滴灌对土壤盐分的影响

朱珠¹^,²(), 王则玉²^,³(), 许咏梅³, 刘迪¹, 李杨³

1.塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院,新疆阿拉尔 843300
2.新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐 830000
3.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2023-03-27 出版日期:2023-12-20 发布日期:2024-01-03
通信作者: 王则玉(1986-),男,新疆精河人,副研究员,研究方向为节水灌溉及土壤盐碱改良,(E-mail)45144490@qq.com
作者简介:朱珠(1986-),女,新疆博乐人,副教授,博士研究员,研究方向为土壤水盐运移及高效节水灌溉,(E-mail)1293679915@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900803);新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项(科技援疆计划)项目(2022E02076);农业农村部西北绿洲农业环境重点实验室开放基金(XBLZ-20221)

Effects of magnetized drip irrigation with different water quality on soil salinity

ZHU Zhu¹^,²(), WANG Zeyu²^,³(), XU Yongmei³, LIU Di¹, LI Yang³

1. College of Water Resource and Architectural Engineering, Tarim University, Alar Xinjiang 843300, China
2. College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
3. Research Institute of Soil,Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China

Received:2023-03-27 Online:2023-12-20 Published:2024-01-03
Correspondence author: WANG Zeyu (1986-), male,native of Jinghe, Xinjiang Province,Associate professor, Research direction: water-saving irrigation and soil salinization improvement Research, (E-mail)45144490@qq.com
Supported by:
National Key research and development program(2021YFD1900803);Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Regional Collaborative Innovation Special Project (Science and Technology Assistance Xinjiang Plan)(2022E02076);Open Fund for Northwest Oasis Agricultural Environment Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(XBLZ-20221)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究磁化不同水质和电解水滴灌对盐碱土壤盐分的影响。【方法】以121团6连盐碱土为研究对象,通过室内土柱试验,对比分析微咸水、磁化微咸水、磁化渠道水、渠道水和电解水滴灌对盐碱土壤总盐含量、脱盐率、土壤盐分离子以及土壤SAR的影响规律。【结果】土壤剖面平均总盐含量大小比较为T₁>T₂>CK>T₃>T₄。磁化微咸水灌溉处理在土层深度30~40cm以及深层土壤内总盐含量显著低于微咸水灌溉处理,磁化渠道水灌溉处理在40cm土层深度以下土壤总盐含量显著低于渠道水灌溉处理。各处理土壤剖面脱盐区的平均脱盐率大小比较为T₄>T₃>T₂>CK>T₁,脱盐率达到51.8%~59.36%。与对照处理比较,微咸水灌溉处理土壤剖面脱盐区的平均脱盐率降低了2.18%,磁化微咸水处理增加了7.2%,磁化渠道水处理增加了8.99%,电解水处理增加了13.25%。磁化渠水滴灌有利于增加土壤中Ca²⁺含量,较滴灌前增加72.59%;同时降低Cl^-、Na⁺和HCO₃^-含量,降幅为92.23%、67.49%和30.84%。而电解水灌溉有利于土壤剖面SO₄^2-淋洗脱盐,脱盐率为34.09%。磁化渠道水灌溉处理显著降低0~50 cm土层深度处土壤SAR。【结论】磁化水灌溉处理在降低土壤平均总盐含量和增大土壤脱盐率方面优于非磁化水灌溉处理,而电解水灌溉处理最优。电解水和磁化水灌溉有利于土壤盐分和有害盐分离子淋洗脱盐。

关键词: 磁化水; 土壤盐分离子; 土壤脱盐率; 土壤钠吸附比

Abstract:

【Objective】In order to investigate the effects of different magnetized water quality and electrolytic water drip irrigation on salinity of saline-alkali soil.【Methods】The test soil was taken from Company 6 of the 121st Regiment, and soil column infiltration test was carried out. The effects of brackish water, magnetized brackish water, magnetized channel water, channel water and electrolytic water drip irrigation on total salt content, desalting rate, soil salt ions and soil SAR were compared and analyzed.【Results】The results showed that the average total salt content of soil profile was T₁>T₂>CK>T₃>T₄. The total salt content of magnetized brackish water irrigation treatment was significantly lower than that of brackish water irrigation treatment at soil depth of 30-40 cm and deep soil depth, and the total salt content of soil under magnetized channel water irrigation treatment was significantly lower than that under channel water irrigation treatment. The average desalting rate of the desalting area in the soil profile of each treatment was compared as T₄>T₃>T₂>CK>T₁, and the desalting rate reached 51.8%-59.36%. Compared with the control treatment, the average desalting rate of soil profile desalting area in brackish water irrigation treatment decreased by 2.18%, magnetized brackish water treatment increased by 7.2%, magnetized channel water treatment increased by 8.99%, and electrolytic water treatment increased by 13.25%. The amount of Ca²⁺ in soil was increased by 72.59% compared with that before drip irrigation. At the same time, the contents of Cl^-, Na⁺ and HCO₃^- were decreased by 92.23%, 67.49% and 30.84%. Electrolytic water irrigation is beneficial to SO₄^2-leaching and desalting of soil profile, and the desalting rate is 34.09%. Irrigation treatment of magnetized channel water significantly reduced soil SAR at 0-50 cm depth.【Conclusion】With magnetized water irrigation treatment is superior to non-magnetized water irrigation treatment in reducing the average total salt content of soil and increasing the desalting rate of soil, and electrolytic water irrigation treatment is the best. Electrolytic water and magnetized water irrigation are beneficial to soil salt and harmful salt ions leaching and desalting.

Key words: magnetized water; soil salt ions; soil desalination rate; SAR

中图分类号:

朱珠, 王则玉, 许咏梅, 刘迪, 李杨. 磁化不同水质滴灌对土壤盐分的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(12): 3086-3093.

ZHU Zhu, WANG Zeyu, XU Yongmei, LIU Di, LI Yang. Effects of magnetized drip irrigation with different water quality on soil salinity[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(12): 3086-3093.

图/表 8

表1 灌溉用水初始理化性质

Tab. 1 Initial physical and chemical properties of irrigation water

盐分离子 Salt ion content (mg/L)									pH	矿化度 Degree of mineralization (g/L)
	$H C O 3 -$	$C O 3 -$	Cl^-	$S O 4 2 -$	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	K⁺	Na⁺
渠道水 Channel water	14.79	29.09	70.29	124.15	16.19	9.75	2.93	104.63	7.4	0.52
微咸水 Brackish water	100.22	27.47	854.24	1551.85	86.33	51.98	1.1	599.5	8.17	4

表1 灌溉用水初始理化性质

Tab. 1 Initial physical and chemical properties of irrigation water

盐分离子 Salt ion content (mg/L)									pH	矿化度 Degree of mineralization (g/L)
	$H C O 3 -$	$C O 3 -$	Cl^-	$S O 4 2 -$	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	K⁺	Na⁺
渠道水 Channel water	14.79	29.09	70.29	124.15	16.19	9.75	2.93	104.63	7.4	0.52
微咸水 Brackish water	100.22	27.47	854.24	1551.85	86.33	51.98	1.1	599.5	8.17	4

表2 试验方案

Tab.2 Experiment treatments

处理 Treatment	灌溉水 Irrigation water	灌水量 Irrigation amount (L)	滴头流量 Drip discharge (L/h)
CK	渠水(CK)	2.5	0.15
T₁	微咸水(4 g/L)	2.5	0.15
T₂	磁化微咸水(0.4 T)	2.5	0.15
T₃	磁化渠水(0.4 T)	2.5	0.15
T₄	电解水(pH=2.29)	2.5	0.15

表3 各处理土壤剖面总盐含量变化

Tab.3 Total salt content in soil profiles of each treatment(g/kg)

土层深度 Soil profiles (cm)	处理Treatment
土层深度 Soil profiles (cm)	CK	T₁	T₂	T₃	T₄
10	7.70±0.48^b	8.90±0.64^a	9.02±0.29^a	7.42±0.19^b	6.82±0.24^b
20	8.23±0.28^ab	8.74±0.64^a	8.11±0.10^ab	7.73±0.23^b	7.38±0.35^b
30	8.49±0.41^bc	9.52±0.32^a	8.12±0.35^c	8.62±0.21^bc	9.19±0.42^ab
40	11.37±0.38^a	10.89±0.59^a	8.78±0.49^b	9.19±0.55^b	9.69±0.29^b
50	12.43±0.02^a	11.50±0.74^ab	10.37±0.44^b	10.61±0.21^b	9.06±0.63^c
60	14.59±0.08^a	14.07±0.48^ab	13.43±0.28^bc	13.02±0.24^c	11.51±0.40^d
70	21.06±0.34^c	28.68±0.34^a	23.65±0.12^b	23.41±0.48^b	23.99±0.63^b

图1 各处理不同土层脱盐和积盐率

Fig.1 Desalting and salt accumulation rate in different soil layers of each treatment

图2 各处理脱盐区平均脱盐率和土壤剖面平均总盐含量

Fig.2 The average desalting rate of desalting area and the average total salt content of each treatment

图3 各处理盐分离子占比变化特征

Fig.3 Characteristics of changes in the proportion of salt ions of each treatment

图4 各处理盐分离子平均脱盐率和平均积盐率变化

Fig.4 The change of salt ion average desalting rate and average accumulation rate of each treatment

图5 各处理不同土层深度SAR值变化

Fig.5 SAR value changes in different soil depth of each treatment

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磁化不同水质滴灌对土壤盐分的影响

Effects of magnetized drip irrigation with different water quality on soil salinity

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