基于GIS的塔额盆地农田土壤养分空间变异特征分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.07.025

新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (7): 1776-1785.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.07.025

• 土壤肥料·农业装备工程·畜牧兽医·草业 • 上一篇下一篇

基于GIS的塔额盆地农田土壤养分空间变异特征分析

信会男¹(), 赖宁¹, 耿庆龙¹(), 陈署晃¹(), 李娜¹, 李永福¹, 赵海燕²

1.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.新疆九圣禾种子标准研究院有限公司,新疆昌吉 831113

收稿日期:2021-02-05 出版日期:2022-07-20 发布日期:2022-08-04
通信作者: 耿庆龙,陈署晃
作者简介:信会男(1994-),男,河南人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为农业大数据与农业遥感,(E-mail) 1509677813@qq.com
基金资助:
中央引导地方科技发展专项资金“新疆遥感与农业大数据应用服务平台”;农业部耕地质量保护专项资金“国家耕地质量监测”和“轮作休耕试点区域耕地质量监测”;国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200406)

Spatial Variability of Farmland Soil Nutrients in Ta'er Basin Based on GIS

XIN Huinan¹(), LAI Ning¹, GENG Qinglong¹(), CHEN Shuhuang¹(), LI Na¹, LI Yongfu¹, ZHAO Haiyan²

1. Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
2. Xinjiang Jiushenghe Academy of Seed Standard Co. Ltd. Changji, Xinjiang 831113,China

Received:2021-02-05 Online:2022-07-20 Published:2022-08-04
Correspondence author: GENG Qinglong, CHEN Shuhuang
Supported by:
Special Funds for Local Science and Technology Development Guided by the Central Committee"The Application and Service Platform for Remote Sensing and Agricultural Big Data in Xinjiang";Special Funds for Cultivated Land Quality Protection of the Ministry of Agriculture "National Monitoring of Cultivated Land Quality" and "Monitoring of Cultivated Land Quality in the Pilot Area of Fallow Rotation";The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD0200406)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究新疆塔额盆地耕地土壤养分的空间分布以及变化。【方法】基于该地区2010年和2018年2个时期的样点养分数据(有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾),利用统计学、地统计手段,与GIS技术相结合,分析耕层土壤的时空变异性。【结果】2010~2018年期间耕层土壤指标都处于中等强度变异,其中变异系数最高的为2018年的有效磷为85.79%。2018年各项指标的标准化Z值均低于2010年,近年来以下指标的空间自相关呈现减弱趋势。养分指标含量整体呈现四周低中间高。在不同土壤类型下潮土的养分含量增加最少,其余2种土类下都存在较大幅度的增加。在不同灌溉方式下,滴灌和漫灌的灌溉方式养分含量都有所增加,但出现漫灌方式养分含量增加较滴灌下增长较低的现象。【结论】2010-2018年5种养分指标都呈中等程度变异,人为活动对土壤养分含量的影响较大;各养分含量都有所上升,有效磷与速效钾上升最为明显;不同土类养分含量均为增加趋势;滴灌和漫灌下养分含量有所增长,但畦灌条件下养分有所下降;耕地质量处于中等偏下。

关键词: GIS; 空间变异; 半方差函数; 灌溉方式

Abstract:

【Objective】 To grasp the spatial distribution and changes of cultivated soil nutrients in Tahe Basin.【Methods】 Based on the sample point nutrient data (organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolized nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium) in 2010 and 2018 in this region, statistical and geostatistical methods were used to combine with GIS technology to explore the spatiotemporal variability of ploughed soil.【Results】 From 2010 to 2018, the indicators of topsoil were in moderate intensity variation, among which the highest coefficient of variation was 85.79% of available phosphorus in 2018.According to the standardized Z value, the standardized Z value of all indicators in 2018 was lower than that in 2010, indicating that the spatial autocorrelation of the following indicators weakened in recent years.The nutrient index content was low in all four weeks and high in the middle.Under different soil types, the nutrient content of tidal soil increased the least, while under the other two types of soil there was a significant increase.Under different irrigation methods, the nutrient content of both drip and diffuse irrigation increased, but the increase of nutrient content under diffuse irrigation was lower than that under drip irrigation.【Conclusion】 Human activities, such as straw mulching, fertilization and rotation rest, are the main factors affecting the spatiotemporal changes of soil nutrients.

Key words: GIS; spatial variability; semi-variance function; irrigation method

中图分类号:

S151.9

信会男, 赖宁, 耿庆龙, 陈署晃, 李娜, 李永福, 赵海燕. 基于GIS的塔额盆地农田土壤养分空间变异特征分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(7): 1776-1785.

XIN Huinan, LAI Ning, GENG Qinglong, CHEN Shuhuang, LI Na, LI Yongfu, ZHAO Haiyan. Spatial Variability of Farmland Soil Nutrients in Ta'er Basin Based on GIS[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(7): 1776-1785.

图/表 6

参考文献 14

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指标 Index	有机质 Organic matter (g/kg)		有效磷 Available phosphorus (mg/kg)		全氮 Total nitrogen (g/kg)		速效钾 Available Potassium (mg/kg)		碱解氮 Alkaline Hydrolysis Nitrogen(mg/kg)
指标 Index	2010	2018	2010	2018	2010	2018	2010	2018	2010	2018
最大值 Max	54.000	125.541	2.650	6.728	153.8	457.3	25.0	443.6	389	1159
最小值 Min	5.400	1.008	0.110	0.102	28.0	4.2	4.9	1.5	80	25
平均値 Mean	13.970	17.368	0.773	0.942	63.1	74.0	11.3	22.8	166	280
标准差 Standard deviation	4.895	8.759	0.274	0.478	19.1	36.6	4.8	19.6	65	123
极差 Range	48.600	124.533	2.540	6.626	125.8	453.1	20.2	442.1	309	1 134
变异系数 Coefficient of variation	35.04	50.43	35.49	50.76	30.30	49.52	42.31	85.79	39.05	43.98

指标 Index	有机质 Organic matter (g/kg)		有效磷 Available phosphorus (mg/kg)		全氮 Total nitrogen (g/kg)		速效钾 Available Potassium (mg/kg)		碱解氮 Alkaline Hydrolysis Nitrogen(mg/kg)
指标 Index	2010	2018	2010	2018	2010	2018	2010	2018	2010	2018
最大值 Max	54.000	125.541	2.650	6.728	153.8	457.3	25.0	443.6	389	1159
最小值 Min	5.400	1.008	0.110	0.102	28.0	4.2	4.9	1.5	80	25
平均値 Mean	13.970	17.368	0.773	0.942	63.1	74.0	11.3	22.8	166	280
标准差 Standard deviation	4.895	8.759	0.274	0.478	19.1	36.6	4.8	19.6	65	123
极差 Range	48.600	124.533	2.540	6.626	125.8	453.1	20.2	442.1	309	1 134
变异系数 Coefficient of variation	35.04	50.43	35.49	50.76	30.30	49.52	42.31	85.79	39.05	43.98

年份 Year	指标 Index	模型 Model	块金值 Co	基台值 Co+C	变程 A	块金系数 (C/Co)	Moran'sⅠ	标准Z值 Standard Z value
2010年	有机质	E	15.15	30.31	17 850	0.500	0.060	4.689
	全氮	E	0.04	0.08	18 600	0.501	0.060	4.673
	碱解氮	E	51.90	358.00	4 590	0.855	0.044	3.422
	有效磷	E	1.49	22.38	3 960	0.933	0.027	2.136
	速效钾	E	359.00	3 185.00	6 120	0.887	0.076	5.818
2018年	有机质	E	31.00	66.54	59 850	0.534	0.134	20.287
	全氮	E	0.10	0.21	66 180	0.502	0.168	25.377
	碱解氮	E	1.00	891.60	4 680	0.999	0.097	14.825
	有效磷	E	4.60	72.98	3 660	0.937	0.021	3.360
	速效钾	E	10.00	11 310.00	53 400	0.999	0.052	8.081

年份 Year	指标 Index	模型 Model	块金值 Co	基台值 Co+C	变程 A	块金系数 (C/Co)	Moran'sⅠ	标准Z值 Standard Z value
2010年	有机质	E	15.15	30.31	17 850	0.500	0.060	4.689
	全氮	E	0.04	0.08	18 600	0.501	0.060	4.673
	碱解氮	E	51.90	358.00	4 590	0.855	0.044	3.422
	有效磷	E	1.49	22.38	3 960	0.933	0.027	2.136
	速效钾	E	359.00	3 185.00	6 120	0.887	0.076	5.818
2018年	有机质	E	31.00	66.54	59 850	0.534	0.134	20.287
	全氮	E	0.10	0.21	66 180	0.502	0.168	25.377
	碱解氮	E	1.00	891.60	4 680	0.999	0.097	14.825
	有效磷	E	4.60	72.98	3 660	0.937	0.021	3.360
	速效钾	E	10.00	11 310.00	53 400	0.999	0.052	8.081

指标 Index	丰富 Abundant			较丰富 Richer			中等 Medium			较缺乏 Less			缺乏 Lack
	含量 Content	比例/% Proportion		含量 Content	比例/% Proportion		含量 Content	比例/% Proportion		含量 Content	比例/% Proportion		含量 Content	比例/% Proportion
	含量 Content	2010	2018	含量 Content	2010	2018	含量 Content	2010	2018	含量 Content	2010	2018	含量 Content	2010	2018
有机质 Organic matter	>25	0.90	6.43	>20~25	1.28	12.86	>15-20	17.47	35.39	>10-15	63.72	32.07	≤10	16.63	13.25
全氮 Total nitrogen	>1.5	0.33	16.5	>1.0-1.5	5.29	40.7	>0.75~1.0	20.04	19.7	>0.5~0.75	59.79	17.26	≤0.5	14.55	5.82
碱解氮 Alkaline Hydrolysis Nitrogen	>150	0.05	0.85	>120~150	0.55	3.21	>90~120	3.96	9.77	>60~90	42.42	43.44	≤60	53.02	42.73
有效磷 Available phosphorus	>30	0	1.88	>20~30	2.91	7.3	>15~20	8.2	12.35	48.78	44.68	48.78	≤8	44.21	28.7
速效钾 Available phosphorus	>250	2.58	17.01	>200~250	6.77	18.44	>150~200	25.61	35.5	>100~150	62.1	24.37	≤100	2.94	4.65

基于GIS的塔额盆地农田土壤养分空间变异特征分析

Spatial Variability of Farmland Soil Nutrients in Ta'er Basin Based on GIS

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