蟠桃专用包装盒在模拟运输中减振功能分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.05.030

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研制一种具有减振功能的蟠桃专用包装盒及其套件,分析其在运输中的使用效果。【方法】以新疆蟠桃为试材,采用模拟运输振动方式,测定果实的损伤指数、失重率、硬度、呼吸速率、可溶性固形物(TSS)含量、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性等指标,分析蟠桃专用包装盒防止蟠桃振动和跌落损伤的效果。【结果】相比于对照和普通包装盒,专用包装盒不仅可以有效减少蟠桃果实表面损伤率(10.53%)、维持果实硬度(5.0 kg/cm²),还可以降低失重率(16.93%)、呼吸强度(72.08 mgCO²/kg·h)和乙烯释放速率速率(2.7 μl/kg·h),减少丙二醛(MDA)的积累(1.21 mmol/g),抑制多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性(11.78 U/g),增强过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性(25.73 U/g),延缓果实的衰老。【结论】蟠桃专用包装盒具有显著减少果实损伤和延缓衰老的效果,更利于蟠桃运输后贮藏品质的保持。

关键词: 蟠桃; 包装盒; 模拟运输; 贮藏品质

Abstract:

【Objective】 To develop a special packaging box and a kit for flat peaches with damping function and to explore its effect in transportation. 【Methods】 Xinjiang flat peach as the test material, the simulated transportation vibration method was applied and the damage index, weight loss rate, hardness, respiration rate, soluble solids (TSS) content, catalase (CAT) activity and other indicators of the fruit were measured to analyze whether the special packaging box for flat peaches prevented vibration and fall damage of flat peaches. 【Results】 Compared with the control and ordinary packing box, the special packing box can not only effectively reduce the surface damage rate of flat peach fruit (10.53%), maintain the fruit hardness (5.0 kg/cm²), but also reduce the weight loss rate (16.93%), respiratory intensity (72.08 mgCO²/kg·h) and ethylene release rate (2.7 μL/kg·h), reduce the accumulation of malondialdehyde (1.21 mmol/g), inhibit the activity of polyphenol oxidase (11.78 U/g), enhance the activity of catalase (25.73 U/g), and delay the senescence of fruits. 【Conclusion】 The special packaging box for flat peaches has the effect of significantly reducing fruit damage and delaying its senescence, which is more conducive to maintaining the storage quality of flat peaches after transportation.

Key words: flat peach; packaging box; simulated transportation; storage quality

中图分类号:

S662.1

郭慧静, 宋方圆, 李冀新, 赵志永. 蟠桃专用包装盒在模拟运输中减振功能分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(5): 1284-1291.

GUO Huijing, LI Jixin, SONG Fangyuan, ZHAO Zhiyong. Effects of Special Package in Simulated Transportation of Flat Peaches[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(5): 1284-1291.

图/表 8

图1 蟠桃专用包装盒实例

Fig.1 Example diagram of a special packaging box for flat peaches

表1 空运PSD谱线

Table 1 Airborne PSD spectrum

频率 Frequency (Hz)	2	12	100	300	加速度总均方根值 Grms
功率谱密度 Power Spectral Density (g²/Hz)	0.000 1	0.005	0.005	0.000 005	0.74

图2 蟠桃专用包装盒结构示意注:1为盖板,2为防护层,3为盒体,4为圆柱形果洞,5为通气孔,6为抓槽

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of the special packaging box for flat peaches Note: 1 is the cover, 2 is the protective layer, 3 is the box body, 4 is the cylindrical fruit hole, 5 is the vent hole, and 6 is the grab groove

图3 不同包装方式下蟠桃表面损伤变化注:同列中不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05),下同

Fig.3 Effects of packaging methods on the surface damage of flat peaches Note: Different small letters in the same column mean significant difference(P<0.05), the same as below

图4 不同包装方式下蟠桃失重率(A)和硬度(B)变化

Fig.4 Effects of packaging method on the weight loss rate (A) and hardness (B) of flat peaches

图5 不同包装方式下蟠桃TSS(A)和MDA(B)含量变化

Fig.5 Effects of packaging method on the TSS (A) and MDA (B) contents of flat peaches

图6 不同包装方式下蟠桃呼吸速率(A)和乙烯释放速率(B)变化

Fig.6 Effects of packaging methods on the respiration rate and ethylene release rate of flat peaches

图7 不同包装方式下蟠桃CAT(A)和PPO(B)活性变化

Fig.7 Effects of packaging methods on the CAT and PPO activities of flat peaches

参考文献 23

[1]	刘忆冬. 不同贮藏条件对中华寿桃的采后生理及贮藏效果的影响研究[D]. 石河子: 石河子大学, 2006.
	LIU Yidong. The effect of different storage conditions on the postharvest physiology and storage effect of Zhonghua Shoutao[D]. Shehezi: Shihezi University, 2006.
[2]	邰晓亮. 不同贮藏条件对蟠桃采后生理及贮藏效果影响的研究[D]. 石河子: 石河子大学, 2010.
	TAI Xiaoliang. Study on the influence of different storage conditions on the postharvest physiology and storage effect of flat peach[D]. Shehezi: Shihezi University, 2010.
[3]	林东风. 新疆的中国蟠桃之乡花香迎客[J]. 中国农业信息, 2008, (6): 44.
	LIN Dongfeng. Xinjiang's hometown of flat peaches in China welcomes guests with fragrance of flowers[J]. China Agricultural Information, 2008,(6): 44.
[4]	邓小蓉, 李冀新, 赵志永, 等. 不同处理方式对蟠桃常温运输及货架期品质的影响[J]. 保鲜与加工, 2016, (4): 36-40.
	DENG Xiaorong, LI Jixin, ZHAO Zhiyong, et al. Effects of different treatments on the quality of flat peaches during normal temperature transportation and shelf life[J]. Fresh-keeping and Processing, 2016,(4): 36-40.
[5]	李萍, 王若伊, 林顿, 等. 果蔬运输振动损伤及其减振包装设计[J]. 食品工业科技, 2013, (5): 316-320.
	LI Ping, WANG Ruoyi, LIN Dun, et al. Vibration damage during transportation of fruits and vegetables and its vibration reduction packaging design[J]. Food Industry Science and Technology, 2013,(5): 316-320.
[6]	黄斯, 李项辉, 陶晓亚, 等. 草莓减振包装的防损伤作用[J]. 食品工业科技, 2015, 36(23): 272-275.
	HUANG Si, LI Xianghui, TAO Xiaoya, et al. Anti-damage effect of strawberry damping packaging[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2015, 36(23): 272-275.
[7]	昌玥, 范佳雯, 卢文静, 等. 猕猴桃减振包装在模拟运输中的使用效果[J]. 保鲜与加工, 2017, 17(5): 14-19.
	CHANG Yue, FAN Jiawen, LU Wenjing, et al. Application effect of kiwi fruit vibration damping packaging in simulated transportation[J]. Fresh-keeping and Processing, 2017, 17(5): 14-19.
[8]	王衍鹏. 涂膜和不同包装方式对枇杷贮藏保鲜效果研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江农林大学, 2016.
	WANG Yanpeng. Study on the effect of film coating and different packaging methods on loquat storage[D]. Hanzhou: Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 2016.
[9]	吴江超. 蟠桃包装盒: CN302942244S[P].
	WU Jiangchao. Flat peach packaging box: CN302942244S[P].
[10]	谭亚辉. 一种蟠桃包装盒: CN202704254U[P].
	TAN Yahui. A kind of flat peach packaging box: CN202704254U[P].
[11]	赵志永, 李冀新, 宋方圆, 等. 蟠桃专用包装盒及其套件: CN105819105A[P].
	ZHAO Zhiyong, LI Jixin, SONG Fangyuan, et al. Packing box for flat peach and its set: CN105819105A[P].
[12]	ASTM D4169-2016. 运输集装箱和系统用性能试验的标准实施规程[S].
	ASTM D4169-2016. Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Transport Containers and Systems[S].
[13]	GB/T 4857. 5-1992.包装运输包装件跌落试验方法[S].
	GB/T 4857.5- 1992.packaging, transportation package, drop test method[S].
[14]	郑永华, 苏新国, 毛杭云. 纯氧处理草莓的保鲜效果初探[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2001, 24(3): 85-88.
	ZHENG Yonghua, SU Xinguo, MAO Hangyun. Preliminary Study on the Fresh-keeping Effect of Strawberry Treated with Pure Oxygen[J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 2001, 24(3): 85-88.
[15]	Xu W T, Peng X L, Luo Y B, et al. Physiological and biochemical responses of grapefruit seed extract dip on `Redglobe' grape[J]. Food Science and Technology, 2009, 42(2):471-476.
[16]	张红星, 王廿, 韩涛. 抑制ACC合酶和ACC氧化酶对植物贮藏保鲜的影响[J]. 食品科学, 2009,(9):266-268.
	ZHANG Hongxing, WANG Nian, HAN Tao. Effects of Inhibiting 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid (ACC) Synthase and ACC Oxidase on Storage of Plants[J]. Food Science, 2009,(9):266-268.
[17]	Guo Z Q, Tian S P, Xu Y, et al. Enhancement of biocontrol efficacy of antagonistic yeasts by salicylic acid in sweet cherry fruit[J]. Physiological & Molecular Plant Pathology, 2003, 62(3):150-154.
[18]	WANG Yousheng, TIAN Shiping, XU Yong. Effects of high oxygenconcentration on pro- and anti-oxidant enzymes in peach fruit duringpostharvest periods[J]. Food Chemistry, 2005, 91(1): 99-104. DOI URL
[19]	FU Yucheng, ZHANG Kaili, WANG Niya, et al. Effects of aqueouschlorine dioxide treatment on polyphenol oxidases from Golden Deli-cious apple[J]. Food Science and Technology, 2007, 40(8): 1362-1368.
[20]	韩冬芳, 马书尚, 王鹰, 等. 1-MCP对新红星苹果乙烯代谢和贮藏品质的影响[J]. 园艺学报, 2003, 30(1):11-14.
	HAN Dongfang, MA Shushang, WANG Ying, et al. Effect of 1-MCP treatment on ethylene production and quality retention of ‘Delicious’ apples[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2003, 30(1):11-14.
[21]	李文阳, 马梦迪, 郭红卫. 植物激素乙烯作用机制的最新进展[J]. 中国科学: 生命科学, 2013, 43(10): 854-863.
	LI Wenyang, MA Mengdi, GUO Hongwei. The latest progress in the mechanism of plant hormone ethylene[J]. Science China: Life Sciences, 2013, 43(10): 854-863.
[22]	Ali S, Khan A S, Malik A U. Postharvest l-cysteine application delayed pericarp browning, suppressed lipid peroxidation and maintained antioxidative activities of litchi fruit[J]. Postharvest Biology & Technology, 2016, 121(11): 135-142.
[23]	Pasquariello M S, Patre D D, Mastrobuoni F, et al. Influence of postharvest chitosan treatment on enzymatic browning and antioxidant enzyme activity in sweet cherry fruit[J]. Postharvest Biology & Technology, 2015, 109(11): 45-56.