Simulation and Optimization of a TRNSYS-Based Air-Source Heat Pump Integrated with Buried Pipe System for Solar Greenhouse Applications

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.05.026

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (5): 1273-1285.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.05.026

• Prataculture·Facility Agriculture • Previous Articles Next Articles

Simulation and Optimization of a TRNSYS-Based Air-Source Heat Pump Integrated with Buried Pipe System for Solar Greenhouse Applications

ZHANG Gaoshang¹(), WU Letian²^,³, GUO Shenbo²^,³, YUE Qiuxing²^,³, SUN Xiaoli²^,³, SHI Huifeng¹^,²()

1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052
2. Institute of Agricultural Equipment, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091
3. Research Center for Agricultural Engineering Facilities and Equipment Engineering Technology, Urumqi 830091

Received:2024-10-07 Online:2025-05-20 Published:2025-07-09
Correspondence author: SHI Huifeng
Supported by:
National key Research and Development Program of China"lntelligent Environment Control Technology and Equipment Development"(2023YFD2000602);Major Special Projects in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region"Research on Low Energy Consumption,High Energy Storage,and Mechanized Greenhouse Engineering Te chnology around the Tarim Basin"(2022A02005-1)

基于TRNSYS软件的日光温室空气源热泵-地埋管系统仿真与优化

张高尚¹(), 吴乐天²^,³, 郭申伯²^,³, 岳秋星²^,³, 孙小丽²^,³, 史慧锋¹^,²()

1.新疆农业大学机电工程学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院农业装备研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.新疆设施农业智能化管控技术重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091

通讯作者: 史慧锋
作者简介:张高尚(1998-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为设施农业智能装备工程,(E-mail)zgs666vip@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目“智能环境控制技术与装备研制”(2023YFD2000602);新疆维吾尔自治区重大专项“环塔里木盆地低能耗、高储能、宜机化温室工程技术研究”(2022A02005-1)

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Carried out the simulation and optimization of the air-source heat pump-buried pipe system in solar greenhouses to explore the optimal working parameters of the system. They also provide case references for the research and engineering applications related to greenhouse winter heating in the Gobi and desert regions of Xinjiang.【Methods】 The research object in this study is the air source heat pump heat collection combined with underground pipe thermal storage (ASHP-UP) system. The transient simulation model is built using TRNSYS software, and the Box-Behnken experimental design and response surface analysis method is used to study and optimize the system operation parameters. 【Results】 Under the optimal working condition, the heat storage capacity of the system is 501.90 kWh, the energy consumption is 77.18 kWh, and the soil is warmed up by 2.26 ℃. The average daily heat storage power of the system is 37.5 kJ/s, the average daily heat storage COP is 4.33, and the exothermic COP is 4.81. Compared with the traditional heating methods of coal, gas, and electricity, the energy consumption is reduced by 84.7%, 81.3%, and 79.1%, respectively, and the GHG emission is reduced by 8.24, 6.52, and 5.67 t, respectively. The optimal working conditions of the system in winterized production are: rated heat production capacity of the heat pump is 30.0 kW, heat storage time is 12.0 h, and circulating water flow rate is 5.55 m³/h.【Conclusion】 Measurements have verified that the system has good heat storage and release effects, meets the crop overwintering production needs, and its energy-saving and environmental performance meets the national energy-saving and emission reduction requirements.

Key words: Assembled solar greenhouse; Air source heat pump; Underground pipe; Thermal storage performance; Energy efficiency

摘要：

【目的】通过系统模拟与优化,探索最优工作参数,以提高能源利用率,为新疆戈壁和沙漠区温室冬季供暖相关研究与工程应用提供案例参考。【方法】以空气源热泵集热联合地埋管蓄热(ASHP-UP)系统为研究对象,利用TRNSYS软件构建瞬时模拟模型,结合Box-Behnken试验设计和响应面分析法,研究系统运行参数并优化。【结果】最优工况下,系统蓄热量为501.90 kWh,能耗为77.18 kWh,土壤升温2.26℃。系统日均蓄热功率为37.5kJ/s,日均蓄热COP为4.33,放热COP为4.81。相较传统燃煤、燃气和电加热等加热方式,能耗分别降低84.7%、81.3%和79.1%,温室气体排放量分别减少8.24、6.52和5.67 t。系统在越冬生产的最优工况为:热泵额定制热量30.0 kW、蓄热时间12.0 h、循环水流量5.55 m³/h。【结论】该系统蓄、放热效果较佳,满足作物越冬生产需求,其节能与环保性能符合国家节能减排要求。

关键词: 组装式日光温室, 空气源热泵, 地埋管, 蓄热性能, 节能

CLC Number:

S641.2

ZHANG Gaoshang, WU Letian, GUO Shenbo, YUE Qiuxing, SUN Xiaoli, SHI Huifeng. Simulation and Optimization of a TRNSYS-Based Air-Source Heat Pump Integrated with Buried Pipe System for Solar Greenhouse Applications[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(5): 1273-1285.

张高尚, 吴乐天, 郭申伯, 岳秋星, 孙小丽, 史慧锋. 基于TRNSYS软件的日光温室空气源热泵-地埋管系统仿真与优化[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(5): 1273-1285.

Figures/Tables 20

Tab.1 Equipment Parameters

设备 Equipment	参数 Parameters	数值 Value
空气源热泵 Air source heat pump	额定制热量(kW)	30
空气源热泵 Air source heat pump	额定输入功率(kW)	10
循环水泵 Circulating water pump	流量(m³/h)	8
循环水泵 Circulating water pump	额定功率(kW)	1.5
地埋管 Underground pipe	水平间距(m)	0.90
	主管直径(mm)	63
	支管直径(mm)	32
补水箱 Water supply tank	水箱直径(m)	0.40
补水箱 Water supply tank	水箱高度(m)	1.00

Fig. 1 ASHP-UP Thermal Storage System in solar greenhouse

Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of the system principle

Fig. 3 Distribution of buried pipes

Fig. 4 Layout of test points Notes:(a) Plan view of the test site; (b) Profile view of the test site

Fig. 5 ASHP-UP thermal storage system modeling

Fig.6 Variation in water temperature in and out of buried pipes

Fig 7 Variation of temperature inside the greenhouse

Fig 8 Variation of ground temperature inside the greenhouse

Tab.2 Factor and level design of ASHP-UP system response surface experiment design

水平 Level	因素Consideration
水平 Level	$X 11$ -空气源热泵额定制热量 (kW)	$X 22$ -循环水流量 (m³/h)	$X 33$ -系统日蓄热时长(h)
-1	20	4	6
0	25	6	9
1	30	8	12

Tab.2 Factor and level design of ASHP-UP system response surface experiment design

水平 Level	因素Consideration
水平 Level	$X 11$ -空气源热泵额定制热量 (kW)	$X 22$ -循环水流量 (m³/h)	$X 33$ -系统日蓄热时长(h)
-1	20	4	6
0	25	6	9
1	30	8	12

Tab.3 ASHP-UP system test program and results

试验编号 Test number	因素水平 Level of factors			响应值 Response value
试验编号 Test number	$X 11$	$X 22$	$X 33$	$Y D$ - 系统制热量 (kWh)	$Y E$ -能耗 (kWh)	$X 33$ - 土壤升温 (℃)
1	30	4	9	485.51	75.59	2.28
2	25	8	6	161.76	22.37	0.76
3	25	6	9	281.37	38.55	1.24
4	20	8	9	197.75	28.74	0.93
5	25	6	9	275.4	40.25	1.32
6	25	6	9	271.79	43.75	1.292
7	25	4	12	566.03	88.26	2.6
8	25	4	6	287.91	43.86	1.35
9	20	4	9	363.84	43.86	1.35
10	25	8	12	314.48	44.9	1.48
11	30	8	9	277.91	38.73	1.31
12	30	6	6	220.4	30.77	1.04
13	20	6	6	157.65	22.88	0.74
14	25	6	9	285.81	42.94	1.36
15	30	6	12	467.23	61.76	2.01
16	20	6	12	308.56	45.97	1.45
17	25	6	9	286.87	37.45	1.39

Tab.3 ASHP-UP system test program and results

试验编号 Test number	因素水平 Level of factors			响应值 Response value
试验编号 Test number	$X 11$	$X 22$	$X 33$	$Y D$ - 系统制热量 (kWh)	$Y E$ -能耗 (kWh)	$X 33$ - 土壤升温 (℃)
1	30	4	9	485.51	75.59	2.28
2	25	8	6	161.76	22.37	0.76
3	25	6	9	281.37	38.55	1.24
4	20	8	9	197.75	28.74	0.93
5	25	6	9	275.4	40.25	1.32
6	25	6	9	271.79	43.75	1.292
7	25	4	12	566.03	88.26	2.6
8	25	4	6	287.91	43.86	1.35
9	20	4	9	363.84	43.86	1.35
10	25	8	12	314.48	44.9	1.48
11	30	8	9	277.91	38.73	1.31
12	30	6	6	220.4	30.77	1.04
13	20	6	6	157.65	22.88	0.74
14	25	6	9	285.81	42.94	1.36
15	30	6	12	467.23	61.76	2.01
16	20	6	12	308.56	45.97	1.45
17	25	6	9	286.87	37.45	1.39

Tab.4 System heat production regression ANOVA

来源 Source	平方和 Square sum	$d f$	$F$	$P > F$
模型 Model	195 400.00	9	424.41	< 0.000 1
A	22 392.57	1	437.82	< 0.000 1
B	70 573.37	1	1 379.85	< 0.000 1
C	85 818.10	1	1 677.92	< 0.000 1
AB	430.77	1	8.42	0.022 9
AC	2 300.16	1	44.97	0.000 3
BC	3 931.29	1	76.86	< 0.000 1
B²	9 517.91	1	186.09	< 0.000 1

Tab.4 System heat production regression ANOVA

来源 Source	平方和 Square sum	$d f$	$F$	$P > F$
模型 Model	195 400.00	9	424.41	< 0.000 1
A	22 392.57	1	437.82	< 0.000 1
B	70 573.37	1	1 379.85	< 0.000 1
C	85 818.10	1	1 677.92	< 0.000 1
AB	430.77	1	8.42	0.022 9
AC	2 300.16	1	44.97	0.000 3
BC	3 931.29	1	76.86	< 0.000 1
B²	9 517.91	1	186.09	< 0.000 1

Tab.5 System energy consumption regression ANOVA

来源 Source	平方和 Square sum	$d f$	$F$	$P > F$
模型Model	4 602.38	9	32.06	< 0.000 1
A	534.64	1	33.51	0.000 7
B	1 706.16	1	106.95	< 0.000 1
C	1 830.43	1	114.74	< 0.000 1
AB	118.16	1	7.41	0.029 7
BC	119.57	1	7.50	0.029 0
B2	257.63	1	16.15	0.005 1

Tab.5 System energy consumption regression ANOVA

来源 Source	平方和 Square sum	$d f$	$F$	$P > F$
模型Model	4 602.38	9	32.06	< 0.000 1
A	534.64	1	33.51	0.000 7
B	1 706.16	1	106.95	< 0.000 1
C	1 830.43	1	114.74	< 0.000 1
AB	118.16	1	7.41	0.029 7
BC	119.57	1	7.50	0.029 0
B2	257.63	1	16.15	0.005 1

Tab.6 Soil temperature rise regression ANOVA

来源 Source	平方和 Square sum	$d f$	$F$	$P > F$
模型Model	3.79	9	47.27	< 0.000 1
A	0.59	1	66.13	< 0.000 1
B	1.20	1	134.95	< 0.000 1
C	1.67	1	187.09	< 0.000 1
AB	0.076	1	8.50	0.022 5
BC	0.070	1	7.89	0.026 2
B2	0.16	1	17.49	0.004 1

Tab.6 Soil temperature rise regression ANOVA

来源 Source	平方和 Square sum	$d f$	$F$	$P > F$
模型Model	3.79	9	47.27	< 0.000 1
A	0.59	1	66.13	< 0.000 1
B	1.20	1	134.95	< 0.000 1
C	1.67	1	187.09	< 0.000 1
AB	0.076	1	8.50	0.022 5
BC	0.070	1	7.89	0.026 2
B2	0.16	1	17.49	0.004 1

Fig. 9 Changes influence of Heat Pump Rated Heat Capacity and Storage Time on System Heat Capacity

Fig.10 Changes of circulating pump flow and heat storage time on system energy consumption

Fig.11 Changes of heat pump heat rating and circulating pump flow rate on soil temperature rise

Fig.12 Thermal performance of system heating process Notes:(a) Average inlet and outlet temperature and heat transfer power; (b) Comparison of total heat absorbed and released

Tab.7 Average values of heat pump COP and system COP under different conditions

日期 Date (Y/M/D)	天气 Climatic	运行模式 Operating mode	蓄放热量值 Heat storage and heat release values(MJ)	蓄放热运行时间 Duration of heat storage and exothermic operation(h)	蓄放热耗电量 Heat storage and exothermic power consumption (MJ)	蓄热和放热COP Heat storage and exothermic COP
2023/12/9	晴天	蓄热	596/-	5.0/-	140/-	4.26/-
2023/12/10	晴天	蓄热	556/-	4.7/-	132/-	4.21/-
2023/12/12	晴天	蓄热	534/-	4.5/-	126/-	4.24/-
2023/12/11	多云天	蓄热+放热	458/136	3.8/1.0	106/28	4.32/4.87
2023/12/14	多云天	蓄热+放热	394/278	3.2/2.0	90/56	4.38/4.96
2023/12/15	多云天	蓄热+放热	356/382	3.0/2.8	84/79	4.24/4.83
2023/12/8	阴天	蓄热	485/-	4.0/-	112/-	4.32/-
2023/12/13	阴天	蓄热+放热	424/214	3.5/1.6	98/45	4.33/4.75
2024/2/17	阴天	放热	-/956	-/7.2	-/202	-/4.74
2024/2/1	雪天	放热	-/1138	-/8.5	-/238	-/4.78
2024/2/18	雪天	放热	-/990	-/7.5	-/210	-/4.71
2024/2/19	雪天	放热	-/1052	-/7.8	-/218	-/4.82

Tab.8 Energy consumption and operating costs of different heating methods for greenhouses

设备类型 Equipment type	热效率 Thermal efficiency (%)	标准煤 Standard coal (t)	节能率 Energy saving ratio (%)	碳量减排 Carbon reduction (t)
空气源热泵 Air source heat pump	4.56	0.60	-	1.50
燃煤锅炉 Coal-burning boiler	0.70	3.91	84.7	9.74
燃气锅炉 Gas boiler	0.85	3.22	81.4	8.02
电加热 Electrical heating	0.95	2.88	79.2	7.17

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Simulation and Optimization of a TRNSYS-Based Air-Source Heat Pump Integrated with Buried Pipe System for Solar Greenhouse Applications

基于TRNSYS软件的日光温室空气源热泵-地埋管系统仿真与优化

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