Analysis of the genetic patterns of capsaicin and pungency index in fruits of F2 intergeneric hybrid populations of chili peppers

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.07.021

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To analyze the genetic patterns of capsaicinoids and carotenoids in chili fruits by using F₂ generation self-pollinated lines, investigate the segregation ratios of traits in the F₂ generation, and provide theoretical basis for breeding high-capsaicinoid and high-carotenoid chili varieties and creating germplasm resources. 【Methods】 By crossing parental lines to produce an F₁ population, followed by single plant self-pollination of the F₁ generation to establish the F₂ generation population. The capsaicinoids and carotenoids contents in the F₂ population were analyzed according to national standards, and the genetic patterns of these traits were studied. 【Results】 The coefficient of variation for capsaicinoid substances in chili fruits was over 60%, while for carotenoids it was 28.45%. In the F₂ population, using the maternal line as a reference, the segregation ratio for capsaicinoids was 26∶1, for carotenoids it was 1∶1, and for capsaicinoids it was 35∶13∶5∶2∶1. 【Conclusion】 Interspecific hybridization can be used for creating germplasm resources and breeding high-capsaicinoid and high-carotenoid varieties; however, multiple gene loci influence the levels of capsaicinoids and carotenoids in chili fruits.

Key words: chili pepper; interspecific hybridization; synthetic inbred lines; capsaicinoids; carotenoids; genetic pattern

摘要：

【目的】利用F₂代临时自交系的辣椒果实分析辣椒素和辣椒色素的遗传规律,探究F₂代性状分离比,为培育高辣椒素、高辣椒色素含量的辣椒以及种质资源的创制提供理论依据。【方法】通过亲本杂交产生F₁代群体,及F₁代单株自交,构建F₂代世代群体。分析F₂代群体的辣椒素、辣椒色素性状,研究辣椒素、辣椒色素性状遗传规律。【结果】辣椒果实中辣椒素类物质变异系数均在60%以上,辣椒色素的变异系数为28.45%。F₂代群体中以母本作参照辣椒果实中辣椒素的分离比为26∶1,辣椒色素的分离比为1∶1,辣椒素的分离比为35∶13∶5∶2∶1。【结论】可以利用种间杂交创制种质资源以及培育高辣椒素和高辣椒色素品种,影响辣椒果实中的辣椒素和辣椒色素的基因位点并不止一个。

关键词: 辣椒, 种间杂交, 自交系, 辣椒素, 辣椒色素, 遗传规律

CLC Number:

S641.3

FAN Zhixin, ZHANG Kuan, MA Xinyun, SHI Linyuan, Baihetiar Muhetal, ZHANG Guoru, TANG Yaping, YANG Shengbao. Analysis of the genetic patterns of capsaicin and pungency index in fruits of F₂ intergeneric hybrid populations of chili peppers[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(7): 1765-1773.

范志新, 张宽, 马鑫芸, 石林媛, 拜合提亚尔·穆合塔尔, 张国儒, 唐亚萍, 杨生保. 基于种间杂交F₂代自交系群体辣椒果实中辣椒素和辣椒色价的遗传规律分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(7): 1765-1773.

Figures/Tables 7

References 29

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国际标准值 International Standard Value/SHU	辣度感官级别 Spiciness sensory level
0~500	一级
0~500	二级
1 000~1 500	三级
1 500~2 500	四级
2 500~5 000	五级
5 000~15 000	六级
15 000~30 000	七级
30 000~50 000	八级
50 000~100 000	九级
>100 000	十级

国际标准值 International Standard Value/SHU	辣度感官级别 Spiciness sensory level
0~500	一级
0~500	二级
1 000~1 500	三级
1 500~2 500	四级
2 500~5 000	五级
5 000~15 000	六级
15 000~30 000	七级
30 000~50 000	八级
50 000~100 000	九级
>100 000	十级

编号 Number	降二氢辣椒素 Dihydrocapsaicin (g/kg)	辣椒素 Capsaicin (g/kg)	二氢辣椒素 Dihydrocapsaicin (g/kg)	高二氢辣椒素 High dihydrocapsaicin (g/kg)	总辣椒素类物质 Total capsaicinoids (g/kg)	色价 Color price
线椒 GB-45	0.01±0.00	1.28±0.01	0.38±0.01	0.03±0.02	1.85±0.01	12.35±0.44
魔鬼椒 MGJ	0.29±0.01	41.26±0.14	11.01±0.02	0.19±0.01	83.53±0.45	4.60±0.12

编号 Number	降二氢辣椒素 Dihydrocapsaicin (g/kg)	辣椒素 Capsaicin (g/kg)	二氢辣椒素 Dihydrocapsaicin (g/kg)	高二氢辣椒素 High dihydrocapsaicin (g/kg)	总辣椒素类物质 Total capsaicinoids (g/kg)	色价 Color price
线椒 GB-45	0.01±0.00	1.28±0.01	0.38±0.01	0.03±0.02	1.85±0.01	12.35±0.44
魔鬼椒 MGJ	0.29±0.01	41.26±0.14	11.01±0.02	0.19±0.01	83.53±0.45	4.60±0.12

指标 Indexes	最大值 Max.	最小值 Min.	均值 Mean	标准差 SD	变异幅度 Variation range	变异系数 CV(%)	偏度 Skewness	峰度 Kurtosis
降二氢辣椒素 Dihydrocapsaicin (g/kg)	0.55	0.00	0.06	0.08	0.55	129.58	3.10	12.11
辣椒素 Capsaicin(g/kg)	18.21	0.46	5.14	3.14	17.75	61.05	1.01	1.41
二氢辣椒素 Dihydrocapsaicin (g/kg)	10.88	0.21	3.01	2.00	10.67	66.52	1.05	0.89
高二氢辣椒素 High dihydrocapsaicin (g/kg)	0.72	0.00	0.09	0.10	0.72	119.49	2.98	12.89
总辣椒素类物质 Total capsaicinoids (g/kg)	29.54	0.78	9.06	5.49	28.76	60.62	0.85	0.51
辣度 Pungency degree	455 528.90	12 022.15	139 704.33	84 691.73	443 506.75	60.62	0.85	0.51
色价 Color price	25.94	5.08	12.40	3.53	20.86	28.45	0.87	1.20

Analysis of the genetic patterns of capsaicin and pungency index in fruits of F₂ intergeneric hybrid populations of chili peppers

基于种间杂交F₂代自交系群体辣椒果实中辣椒素和辣椒色价的遗传规律分析

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Figures/Tables 7

References 29

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果实性状 Fruit traits	小于母本 Smaller than the parent parent	大于母本 Larger than the parent parent	分离比例 Separation ratio	渐进显著性(双侧) Progressive significance (bilateral)
总辣椒素类物质Total capsaicinoids	7	184	26∶1	0.00
色价Color price	104	91	1∶1	0.00

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