Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the systematic biology characteristics of Triplophysa strauchii in Turks River, lay a foundation for the development and utilization of its germplasm resources, and consolidate the basic biological data of fish endemic to Xinjiang. 【Methods】 From 2022 to 2023, 488 samples of T. strauchii were collected in the Turks River, and their morphological characteristics were identified by classical biological methods, and their biological characteristics such as age and growth were analyzed. 【Results】 T. strauchii had elongated body, slightly flattened head, slightly raised head, blunt snout, wider lower mouth, curved back outline, thick round forebody, fusiform, width of caudal stalk starting point was obviously larger than caudal stalk height, smooth skin, no scale, and complete lateral line.. The mean age of T. strauchii was (1.74±0.77)⁺, the maximum age was 4⁺, the minimum age 0⁺. Among them, the dominant age was 2⁺, accounting for 46.80%. The correlation equation between standard length and body weight was as follows: W = 1.15 × 10^-5L^2.968(R² = 0.92); The growth equations was: L_t = 161.13 (1-e^{-0.32(t+0.20)}) and W_t = 40.82 (1-e^{-0.32(t+0.20)})^2.968, asymptotic standard length was: L_∞ = 161.13 mm, asymptotic body weight W_∞ = 40.82 g, t₀ = -0.20, k = 0.32, t_i = 3.23; The fullness coefficient was: k = 1.21. 【Conclusion】 Triplophysa strauchii, a cold water fish with a body shape of spindle, is a carnivorous fish feed organism with uniform growth rate, small age composition, strong adaptability, stable growth characteristics, large number and extremely palatability in the Turks River, which has great development and utilization value and ecological significance. As the dominant indigenous fish in the Turks River.

Key words: Turks River; Triplophysa strauchii; morphology characteristic; age and growth

摘要：

【目的】 研究特克斯河新疆高原鳅系统生物学特性,为其种质资源开发利用奠定基础,夯实新疆特有鱼类基础生物学数据。【方法】 2022~2023年在特克斯河采集新疆高原鳅488尾样本,运用经典生物学方法鉴定其形态特征,分析其年龄、生长等生物学特性。【结果】 新疆高原鳅体延长,头略扁平,头后稍隆起,吻钝、口下位较宽,背廓呈弧状,前躯粗圆,呈纺锤形,尾柄起点处的宽度明显大于尾柄高,皮肤光滑,无鳞,侧线完全。体长和体重均不符合正态分布,年龄均值为(1.74±0.77)⁺,最大年龄为4⁺,最小年龄为0⁺,其中优势年龄个体为2⁺,占46.80%。体长和体重相关方程为:W = 1.15 × 10^-5L^2.968(R² = 0.92);生长方程为:L_t = 161.13 (1-e^{-0.32(t+0.20)})和W_t = 40.82 (1-e^{-0.32(t+0.20)})^2.968,渐近体长L_∞ = 161.13 mm,渐近体重W_∞ = 40.82 g,t₀ = -0.20,k = 0.32,t_i = 3.23;丰满系数为k = 1.21。【结论】 新疆高原鳅为高原冷水性鱼类,体形呈纺锤形,特克斯河中处于匀速生长,年龄组成小,适应性强,生长性状稳定,数量多,极为适口的肉食性鱼类饵料生物,具有较大的开发利用价值和生态意义,特克斯河优势土著鱼类。

关键词: 特克斯河, 新疆高原鳅, 形态特征, 年龄与生长