Evaluation of Chilling and Heat Requirements of New Peach Cultivars and Preliminary Study on Dynamic Model

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.10.007

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aims to estimate chilling and heat requirements and relationship between them for new peach cultivars and explore the feasibility of dynamic model in Zhengzhou area. 【Methods】 Chilling and heat requirements were studied in 23 peach cultivars by using four different models(≤7.2 ℃ model, 0-7.2 ℃ model, Utah model and Dynamic model)for estimating chilling requirement and two different models ( Growing degree hours model and Effective temperature model ) for estimating heat requirement, and correlation between chilling requirement and heat requirement were established by combining the ‘chill R’ package in R studio. 【Results】 There were significant differences in chilling requirement among the 23 new varieties,between 631.5 h and 1,162.0 h(≤7.2 ℃ model)or between 501.5 h and 886.0 h(0-7.2 ℃ model)or between 525.0 CU and 836.0 CU (Utah model)or between 27.7 CP and 46.3 CP (Dynamic model). The heat requirements ranged between 127.3 D℃ and 257.3 D℃(Effective temperature model)or between 4,004.7 GDH℃ and 6,898.0 GDH℃ Growing degree hours model (GDH). Although the chilling and heat requirements of peach were not necessarily related to the fruit ripening period, there was a positive correlation between the chilling requirement and the effective accumulated temperature model. Under the dynamic model, the chilling requirement had a high correlation with other models. 【Conclusion】 Among the 23 new peach varieties, the moderate chilling requirement accounts for about 65%, which can be planted in most suitable cultivation areas such as Yangtze River Basin and Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau of China. The dynamic model is feasible to evaluate the chilling requirement in Zhengzhou area.

Key words: peach; new cultivars; dynamic model; chilling requirement; heat requirement

摘要：

【目的】不同模型下评价桃新品种的需冷量和需热量及其关系,分析动力学模型在郑州地区的可行性。【方法】供试桃新品种23个,利用4种需冷量估算模型和2种需热量估算模型,结合R studio中‘chill R’包分别估算新培育桃品种的需冷量和需热量,采用线性回归模型分析二者关系。【结果】供试品种需冷量值差异明显,介于501.5~886.0 h(0~7.2℃模型)、631.5~1 162.0 h(≤7.2℃模型)、525.0~836.0 CU(犹他模型)、27.7~46.3 CP(动力学模型);需热量介于127.3~257.3 D℃(有效积温模型)、4 004.7~6 898.0 GDH℃(生长度时模型)。桃需冷量和需热量均与果实成熟期无必然联系,但无论以何种模型估算需冷量与有效积温模型下的需热量呈正相关;动力学模型估算的需冷量值与其它模型估算值相关性较高。【结论】在23个桃新品种中,需冷量品种占比65%,可在我国长江流域区、云贵高原区、西北干旱区等大部分桃适宜栽培区种植;动力学模型评价需冷量在郑州地区是可行的。

关键词: 桃, 新品种, 动力学模型, 需冷量, 需热量

CLC Number:

S662.1

Tianfa GUO, Changwen CHEN, Yong LI, Jinlong WU, Renci XIONG. Evaluation of Chilling and Heat Requirements of New Peach Cultivars and Preliminary Study on Dynamic Model[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(10): 1821-1828.

郭天发, 陈昌文, 李勇, 吴金龙, 熊仁次. 桃新品种需冷量和需热量评价及动力学模型分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(10): 1821-1828.

Figures/Tables 9

References 26

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日期 Data	平均气温 Average temperature (℃)	日期 Data	平均气温 Average temperature (℃)	日期 Data	平均气温 Average temperature (℃)
11.16	9.74	11.21	10.1	11.26	4.9
11.17	10.3	11.22	9.3	11.27	5.1
11.18	7.3	11.23	12.5	11.28	2.9
11.19	6.7	11.24	10	11.29	4.5
11.2	7.8	11.25	3.5	11.3	5.6

日期 Data	平均气温 Average temperature (℃)	日期 Data	平均气温 Average temperature (℃)	日期 Data	平均气温 Average temperature (℃)
11.16	9.74	11.21	10.1	11.26	4.9
11.17	10.3	11.22	9.3	11.27	5.1
11.18	7.3	11.23	12.5	11.28	2.9
11.19	6.7	11.24	10	11.29	4.5
11.2	7.8	11.25	3.5	11.3	5.6

温度 Temperature (℃)	冷温单位 Chilling Unit (C·U)
1.4	0
1.5~2.4	0.5
2.5~9.1	1
9.2~12.4	0.5
12.5~15.9	0
16.0~18.0	-0.5
>18.0	-1

温度 Temperature (℃)	冷温单位 Chilling Unit (C·U)
1.4	0
1.5~2.4	0.5
2.5~9.1	1
9.2~12.4	0.5
12.5~15.9	0
16.0~18.0	-0.5
>18.0	-1

模型 Model	11月8日	11月15日	11月25日	12月5日	12月15日	12月25日	1月4日	1月14日	1月20日
≤7.2 ℃模型 ≤7.2℃Model (h)	0	11	90	271	445	639	805	1 041	1 162
0~7.2 ℃模型 0~7.2℃ Model (h)	0	11	77	241	356	519	621	809	886
犹它模型 Utah Model (C·U)	-1	8.5	116	293.5	388	535	635.5	768	836
动力学模型 Dynamic Model (CP)	0	0	6.4	14.8	20.3	28	34.5	41.4	46.3