发酵中草药对羔羊生长性能、血清生化及生长激素的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.03.026

新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (3): 754-765.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.03.026

发酵中草药对羔羊生长性能、血清生化及生长激素的影响

刘力萌¹^,²(), 马文彬², 李林贵², 袁岑³, 师志海⁴, 刘艳丰², 秦荣艳²(), 王文奇²()

1.新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆畜牧科学院饲料研究所,乌鲁木齐 830011
3.巴楚安欣牧业有限责任公司,新疆喀什 843800
4.河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,郑州 450002

收稿日期:2024-08-11 出版日期:2025-03-20 发布日期:2025-05-14
通信作者: 秦荣艳(1977-),女,新疆乌鲁木齐人,高级畜牧师,硕士,研究方向为动物营养与饲料,(E-mail) 407959624@qq.com;
王文奇(1979-),男,河南郑州人,研究员,硕士,研究生导师,研究方向为反刍动物营养与饲料,(E-mail) xjslswwq@163.com
作者简介:刘力萌(1996-),女,吉林延边人,硕士研究生,动物营养与饲料科学专业,(E-mail) 1174828501@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2022D01A280);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1600701)

Effects of fermented Chinese herbal medicines on growth performance, serum biochemistry and growth hormone in lamb

LIU Limeng¹^,²(), MA Wenbin², LI Lingui², YUAN Cen³, SHI Zhihai⁴, LIU Yanfeng², QIN Rongyan²(), WANG Wenqi²()

1. College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Feed Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
3. Bachu Anxin Pasture LLC, Bachu Xinjiang 843800, China
4. Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China

Received:2024-08-11 Published:2025-03-20 Online:2025-05-14
Supported by:
Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022D01A280);National Key Research and Development Program animal husbandry Specialist,(2021YFD1600701)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究发酵复方中草药对羔羊生长性能、血清生化及生长激素的影响。【方法】选择15日龄、初生体重相近(3.25±0.52)kg、体况良好的湖羊羔羊120只(双羔、公母各半),随机分为4组(每组3个重复,每个重复10只羊),分别饲喂羔羊开食料(0组)、羔羊开食料+0.2%发酵中草药(0.2%组)、0.4%发酵中草药(0.4%组)和0.6%发酵中草药(0.6%组),试验期为45 d。【结果】(1)试验组30日龄体重显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。0.2%组、0.6%组60日龄体重显著高于0组(P<0.05)。试验组21~25日龄、26~30日龄、36~40日龄极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。0.6%组41~45日龄开食料采食量(SI)极显著高于0组(P<0.01)。(2)试验组羔羊血清中抗肿瘤因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)含量极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。0.6%组羔羊血清中蛋白(GLB)含量显著低于0组、0.2%组、0.4%组(P<0.05)。试验组羔羊血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。0.4%组、0.6%组羔羊血清中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)含量极显著高于0组(P<0.01)。0.4%组、0.6%组羔羊血清中丙二醛(MDA)含量极显著低于0组(P<0.01)。【结论】羊羔羊日粮中添加发酵中草药,有助于提高生长性能,促进生长激素的分泌水平,提高机体抗氧化能力及免疫水平,减缓羔羊断奶应激。

关键词: 发酵中草药; 复方中草药; 羔羊; 生长性能; 血清生化; 生长激素

Abstract:

【Objective】The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of fermented Chinese herbal medicines on the growth performance, serum biochemistry and growth hormone of lambs.【Methods】A total of 120 15-day-old lambs with similar newborn weight (3.25±0.52)kg in good body condition were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups (3 replicates in each group, 10 sheep in each replicate), 10 sheep in each replicate) and fed lamb starter feed (0 groups), lamb starter feed + 0.2% fermented Chinese herbal medicine (0.2% group), 0.4% fermented Chinese herbal medicine (0.4% group) and 0.6% fermented Chinese herbal medicine (0.6% group) respectively. The test period lasted 45 days.【Results】The results showed that: 1) The body weight of the experimental group at 30 days of age was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The 60-day-old body weight of the 0.2% and 0.6% groups was significantly higher than that of the 0 group (P<0.05). The 21-25 days of age, 26-30 days of age, and 36-40 days of age in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01). The starter intake (SI) of the 41-45-day-old starting feed in the 0.6% group was significantly higher than that in the 0 group (P<0.01). 2) The contents of anti-tumor factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the serum of lambs in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). The content of protein (GLB) in the serum of lambs in the 0.6% group was significantly lower than that in the 0 group, 0.2% group and 0.4% group (P<0.05). The serum content of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). The serum levels of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the 0.4% and 0.6% groups were significantly higher than those in the 0 group (P<0.01). The serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the 0.4% and 0.6% groups were significantly lower than those in the 0 group (P<0.01).【Conclusion】It can be seen that the addition of fermented Chinese herbs to the diet of lambs under the conditions of this experiment can help to improve growth performance, promote the secretion level of growth hormone, increase the body's antioxidant capacity and immune level, thus alleviating the weaning stress of lambs.

Key words: fermented Chinese herbal medicine; compound Chinese herbal medicine; lamb; growth performance; serum biochemistry; somatotropin

中图分类号:

S826

刘力萌, 马文彬, 李林贵, 袁岑, 师志海, 刘艳丰, 秦荣艳, 王文奇. 发酵中草药对羔羊生长性能、血清生化及生长激素的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(3): 754-765.

LIU Limeng, MA Wenbin, LI Lingui, YUAN Cen, SHI Zhihai, LIU Yanfeng, QIN Rongyan, WANG Wenqi. Effects of fermented Chinese herbal medicines on growth performance, serum biochemistry and growth hormone in lamb[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(3): 754-765.

图/表 7

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次数	25	56
比例	31%	69%

原料组成 Ingredients	含量 Content (%)	营养水平 Nutrient levels⁽²⁾	含量 Content (%)
玉米 Corn	41.42	干物质 DM	91.18
豆粕 Soybean meal	19.00	粗蛋白质 CP	16.20
苜蓿 Sativa	15.00	粗脂肪 EE	4.16
预混料 Premix⁽¹⁾	5.00	粗灰分 Ash	11.29
酵母粉 Yeast powder	4.00	中性洗涤纤维NDF	22.26
乳清粉 Whey powder	3.80	酸性洗涤纤维ADF	8.93
棉籽蛋白 Cottonseed protein	3.00	钙Ca	1.07
葡萄糖 Glucose	2.90	磷P	0.51
豆油 Soybean oil	2.00	总能GE (MJ/kg)	15.64
磷酸氢钙 CaHPO₄	1.00
碳酸氢钠 NaHCO₃	1.00
食盐 NaCl	1.00
赖氨酸 Lysine	0.45
蛋氨酸 Methionine	0.20
脱霉剂 Mold remover	0.10
复合维生素 Multivitamin	0.10
半胱胺酸 Cysteine	0.03
合计 Total	100.00

原料组成 Ingredients	含量 Content (%)	营养水平 Nutrient levels⁽²⁾	含量 Content (%)
玉米 Corn	41.42	干物质 DM	91.18
豆粕 Soybean meal	19.00	粗蛋白质 CP	16.20
苜蓿 Sativa	15.00	粗脂肪 EE	4.16
预混料 Premix⁽¹⁾	5.00	粗灰分 Ash	11.29
酵母粉 Yeast powder	4.00	中性洗涤纤维NDF	22.26
乳清粉 Whey powder	3.80	酸性洗涤纤维ADF	8.93
棉籽蛋白 Cottonseed protein	3.00	钙Ca	1.07
葡萄糖 Glucose	2.90	磷P	0.51
豆油 Soybean oil	2.00	总能GE (MJ/kg)	15.64
磷酸氢钙 CaHPO₄	1.00
碳酸氢钠 NaHCO₃	1.00
食盐 NaCl	1.00
赖氨酸 Lysine	0.45
蛋氨酸 Methionine	0.20
脱霉剂 Mold remover	0.10
复合维生素 Multivitamin	0.10
半胱胺酸 Cysteine	0.03
合计 Total	100.00

项目 Items		处理Treatments
项目 Items		0(对照)	0.2%	0.4%	0.6%
体重 BW(kg)	15日龄	4.55±0.81	5.02±0.66	4.95±0.76	5.04±0.80
	30日龄	5.87±1.11^b	6.67±1.41^a	6.73±1.46^a	6.77±1.37^a
	45日龄	8.71±1.17	9.67±1.59	9.03±2.75	9.64±2.45
	60日龄	12.37±1.35^b	13.82±1.95^a	13.06±2.31^ab	14.07±2.36^a
平均日增重 ADG(g/d)	15~30日龄	100.37±25.51	121.51±47.49	127.62±51.13	123.14±42.95
	31~45日龄	189.17±47.42^ab	224.27±66.97^a	177.67±44.97^b	217.04±55.51^a
	46~60日龄	232.78±35.44^ab	227.78±55.84^ab	214.92±55.21^b	251.23±64.29^a
	15~60日龄	169.54±25.22	191.47±34.19	170.30±39.27	189.82±47.84
开食料采食量 (SI)(g/d)	15~20日龄	0.85±0.33^Bb	0.98±0.65^Bb	1.37±0.52^Bb	2.32±0.73^Aa
	21~25日龄	0.87±0.60^Bb	15.04±5.20^Aa	15.11±4.19^Aa	14.91±7.25^Aa
	26~30日龄	9.90±3.74^Cd	26.86±11.28^Bb	17.51±5.21^BCc	46.20±8.19^Aa
	31~35日龄	32.97±9.30^Cc	54.82±9.55^Bb	41.02±7.58^Cc	70.32±11.75^Aa
	36~40日龄	57.83±7.30^Cc	71.98±7.22^Bb	69.22±6.65^Bb	92.64±6.96^Aa
	41~45日龄	90.86±7.87^Bc	99.07±8.31^Bb	99.56±9.89^Bb	128.15±8.17^Aa
	46~50日龄	142.53±19.36^Bb	139.00±11.88^Bb	139.29±18.28^Bb	175.46±11.22^Aa
	51~55日龄	238.77±25.66^ABb	216.11±23.16^Bb	233.61±19.76^Bb	265.53±24.95^Aa
	56~60日龄	361.51±29.67^ABb	344.43±23.25^Bb	372.57±34.73^ABab	401.62±36.59^Aa

项目 Items		处理Treatments
项目 Items		0(对照)	0.2%	0.4%	0.6%
体重 BW(kg)	15日龄	4.55±0.81	5.02±0.66	4.95±0.76	5.04±0.80
	30日龄	5.87±1.11^b	6.67±1.41^a	6.73±1.46^a	6.77±1.37^a
	45日龄	8.71±1.17	9.67±1.59	9.03±2.75	9.64±2.45
	60日龄	12.37±1.35^b	13.82±1.95^a	13.06±2.31^ab	14.07±2.36^a
平均日增重 ADG(g/d)	15~30日龄	100.37±25.51	121.51±47.49	127.62±51.13	123.14±42.95
	31~45日龄	189.17±47.42^ab	224.27±66.97^a	177.67±44.97^b	217.04±55.51^a
	46~60日龄	232.78±35.44^ab	227.78±55.84^ab	214.92±55.21^b	251.23±64.29^a
	15~60日龄	169.54±25.22	191.47±34.19	170.30±39.27	189.82±47.84
开食料采食量 (SI)(g/d)	15~20日龄	0.85±0.33^Bb	0.98±0.65^Bb	1.37±0.52^Bb	2.32±0.73^Aa
	21~25日龄	0.87±0.60^Bb	15.04±5.20^Aa	15.11±4.19^Aa	14.91±7.25^Aa
	26~30日龄	9.90±3.74^Cd	26.86±11.28^Bb	17.51±5.21^BCc	46.20±8.19^Aa
	31~35日龄	32.97±9.30^Cc	54.82±9.55^Bb	41.02±7.58^Cc	70.32±11.75^Aa
	36~40日龄	57.83±7.30^Cc	71.98±7.22^Bb	69.22±6.65^Bb	92.64±6.96^Aa
	41~45日龄	90.86±7.87^Bc	99.07±8.31^Bb	99.56±9.89^Bb	128.15±8.17^Aa
	46~50日龄	142.53±19.36^Bb	139.00±11.88^Bb	139.29±18.28^Bb	175.46±11.22^Aa
	51~55日龄	238.77±25.66^ABb	216.11±23.16^Bb	233.61±19.76^Bb	265.53±24.95^Aa
	56~60日龄	361.51±29.67^ABb	344.43±23.25^Bb	372.57±34.73^ABab	401.62±36.59^Aa

项目 Items	处理Treatments
项目 Items	0(对照)	0.2%	0.4%	0.6%
免疫球蛋白AIgA(μg/mL)	0.51±0.06	0.51±0.08	0.48±0.05	0.49±0.03
免疫球蛋白MIgM(μg/mL)	0.81±0.10	0.80±0.19	0.68±0.09	0.76±0.05
免疫球蛋白GIgG(μg/mL)	17.29±2.60	17.21±2.74	15.93±2.47	16.51±1.16
白细胞介素-4IL-4(pg/mL)	5.34±1.52^ABb	5.86±0.50^ABab	6.91±1.00^Aa	4.67±0.52^Bb
白细胞介素-6IL-6(pg/mL)	178.29±5.28^Aa	164.84±6.14^Bb	157.72±4.21^BCc	151.90±7.36^Cc
抗肿瘤因子αTNF-α(pg/mL)	70.72±2.03^Aa	65.18±2.33^Bb	59.12±3.26^Cc	55.85±3.28^Cc

发酵中草药对羔羊生长性能、血清生化及生长激素的影响

Effects of fermented Chinese herbal medicines on growth performance, serum biochemistry and growth hormone in lamb

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项目 Items	处理Treatments
项目 Items	0(对照Control)	0.2%	0.4%	0.6%
总蛋白TP(g/L)	46.00±2.99	51.16±3.46	48.75±6.10	47.53±3.57
白蛋白ALB(g/L)	22.23±4.29	23.61±3.15	24.35±3.97	25.82±2.25
球蛋白GLB(g/L)	28.65±6.40^a	26.25±2.69^ab	23.06±4.81^ab	21.71±4.07^c
尿素UREA(mmol/L)	5.58±0.26^Bb	6.81±0.62^Aa	5.99±0.78^ABb	5.78±0.56^ABb
总胆固醇TC(mmol/L)	0.93±0.15	1.07±0.16	1.18±0.23	0.98±0.27
甘油三酯TG(g/L)	0.30±0.04	0.45±0.09	0.26±0.03	0.34±0.07
低密度脂蛋白LDL (mmol/L)	0.45±0.07	0.37±0.16	0.34±0.17	0.37±0.14
高密度脂蛋白HDL (mmol/L)	0.44±0.12	0.53±0.14	0.58±0.11	0.55±0.12
葡萄糖GLU (mmol/L)	4.15±0.50	4.30±0.69	4.40±0.38	4.63±0.35
谷草转氨酶AST (U/L)	71.89±9.66	67.26±13.76	77.91±7.28	75.94±9.73
谷丙转氨酶ALT (U/L)	10.05±2.42^Aab	8.70±1.95^ABb	6.17±1.54^Bc	11.35±1.13^Aa
肌酸激酶CK (U/L)	161.88±32.73^ab	86.73±10.40^b	178.32±38.40^a	104.77±9.51^ab

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项目 Items	处理Treatments
项目 Items	0(对照)	0.2%	0.4%	0.6%
胰岛素INS(μIU/ml)	16.95±0.83^Aa	16.22±0.90^ABab	15.54±0.86^ABbc	14.97±0.95^Bc
胰岛素样生长因子-1 IGF-1(ng/ml)	156.57±14.27^Bc	168.18±28.91^Bbc	186.37±12.36^ABab	201.07±9.97^Aa
生长激素 GH (ng/ml)	5.79±0.21^Cc	6.74±0.68^BCb	7.76±0.81^ABa	8.23±1.10^Aa

项目 Items	处理Treatments
项目 Items	0(对照)	0.2%	0.4%	0.6%
胰岛素INS(μIU/ml)	16.95±0.83^Aa	16.22±0.90^ABab	15.54±0.86^ABbc	14.97±0.95^Bc
胰岛素样生长因子-1 IGF-1(ng/ml)	156.57±14.27^Bc	168.18±28.91^Bbc	186.37±12.36^ABab	201.07±9.97^Aa
生长激素 GH (ng/ml)	5.79±0.21^Cc	6.74±0.68^BCb	7.76±0.81^ABa	8.23±1.10^Aa

项目 Items	处理Treatments
项目 Items	0(对照Control)	0.2%	0.4%	0.6%
超氧化物歧化酶SOD(U/mL)	63.88±1.79^Dd	68.59±2.86^Cc	77.55±2.71^Bb	82.76±3.07^Aa
总抗氧化能力T-AOC(U/mL)	7.13±0.25^Bc	8.04±0.89^ABb	8.41±0.58^Aab	8.90±0.69^Aa
谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶GSH-Px(U/mL)	138.10±6.97^Bc	154.81±23.73^ABbc	170.36±22.14^Aab	178.51±16.21^Aa
丙二醛MDA(nmol/mL)	3.83±0.97^Aa	3.02±0.55^ABb	2.68±0.53^Bb	2.34±0.16^Bb

项目 Items	处理Treatments
项目 Items	0(对照Control)	0.2%	0.4%	0.6%
超氧化物歧化酶SOD(U/mL)	63.88±1.79^Dd	68.59±2.86^Cc	77.55±2.71^Bb	82.76±3.07^Aa
总抗氧化能力T-AOC(U/mL)	7.13±0.25^Bc	8.04±0.89^ABb	8.41±0.58^Aab	8.90±0.69^Aa
谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶GSH-Px(U/mL)	138.10±6.97^Bc	154.81±23.73^ABbc	170.36±22.14^Aab	178.51±16.21^Aa
丙二醛MDA(nmol/mL)	3.83±0.97^Aa	3.02±0.55^ABb	2.68±0.53^Bb	2.34±0.16^Bb