果园履带自走式疏花机的设计与试验

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.10.019

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (10): 2514-2526.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.10.019

• 植物保护·土壤肥料·节水灌溉·农业装备工程与机械化·草业 • 上一篇下一篇

果园履带自走式疏花机的设计与试验

周艳¹(), 何磊¹(), 宋龙¹, 潘云飞², 王强², 宋振帅²

1.新疆农垦科学院机械装备研究所,新疆石河子 832000
2.石河子大学,新疆石河子 832032

收稿日期:2023-11-02 出版日期:2024-10-20 发布日期:2024-11-07
通信作者: 何磊(1985-),男,河南周口人,研究员,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为农业机械化,(E-mail) 123893162@qq.com
作者简介:周艳(1970-),女,四川大竹人,研究员,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为农业机械化,(E-mail) zhouyan683886@sina.com
基金资助:
新疆生产建设兵团农业领域重点科技攻关项目(2018AB016);新疆生产建设兵团重大科技项目(2021AA0050302);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0701402);新疆生产建设兵团科技创新人才计划(2020CB031)

Design and experiment of self-propelled track flower-thinning machine in orchards

ZHOU Yan¹(), HE Lei¹(), SONG Long¹, PAN Yunfei², WANG Qiang², SONG Zhenshuai²

1. Institute of Mechanical Equipment, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation, Shihezi Xinjiang 832000, China
2. Shihezi University, Shihezi Xinjiang 832003, China

Received:2023-11-02 Published:2024-10-20 Online:2024-11-07
Correspondence author: HE Lei (1985-), male, from Zhoukou, Henan, researcher, Ph.D., research direction: agricultural mechanization, (E-mail)123893162@qq.com
Supported by:
Key Scientific and Technological Research Projects in Agriculture of XPCC(2018AB016);Major Science and Technology Project of XPCC(2021AA0050302);National Key R&D Program Project(2017YFD0701402);Science and Technology Innovation Talent Program Project of XPCC(2020CB031)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究设计果园疏花作业主要参数可调装置,并采用软件优化参数,为果园机械疏花管理装备研发与优化提供参考。【方法】 采用机械设计、理论受力分析、液压分析、疏花性能试验、数据分析优化相结合的方法。采集不同参数组合下的疏除率,运用DESIGN EXPERT响应曲面法分析各因素对疏除率影响效应,并优化回归模型的参数。【结果】 疏花机整机尺寸为(2.2×1.7×3.5)m,疏花轴长1 m,疏花臂长度及2个疏花臂支撑架长度分别为1.8、1.5和1.5 m。疏花臂3个液压缸最大受力分别为980、1 450和3 600 N,并对液压系统中计算关键参数、设计和选型,满足疏花农艺要求。【结论】 最优参数值组合为履带自走疏花机行进速度2.6~3.4 km/h、胶条转速 350~400 r/min、胶条间距为 5cm时效果最佳,疏除率为35%~40%;各试验因子对疏花的影响效应依次为胶条转速﹥胶条间距﹥行进速度,该机适用于的现代化标准果园。

关键词: 果园管理; 疏花装置; 履带自走式; 疏花臂; 液压系统; 疏花优化

Abstract:

【Objective】 In view of the problems such as high manual operation intensity, heavy workload and short time of flower farming in orchard thinning management, the main parameters of orchard thinning operation are studied and designed, and software is used to optimize the parameters to provide reference for the development and optimization of orchard mechanical thinning management equipment. 【Methods】 Mechanical design, theoretical force analysis, hydraulic analysis, flower thinning performance test, data analysis and optimisation of the combination of methods. 【Results】 The overall size of the flower thinning machine was (2.2×1.7×3.5) m, the length of the flower thinning shaft was 1 m, the length of the flower thinning arm support bracket and the flower thinning arm was 1.8, 1.5 and 1.5 m, the maximum force of the three hydraulic cylinders of the flower thinning arm was 980, 1,450, 3,600 N, and the key parameters in the hydraulic system were calculated, designed and selected. Through the field test verification, the agronomic requirements of thinning were met, the thinning rate under different combinations of parameters was collected, the effect of each factor on the thinning rate was analyzed by design expert, and the parameters of the regression model were optimized. 【Conclusion】 The optimal combination of parameter values for tracked self-propelled flower thinning machine travelling speed is 2.6-3.4 km/h, the speed of the rubber strip is 350-400 r/min, the spacing of the rubber strip for the best results of 5 cm, the thinning rate of 35%-40%; the impact of the test factors on the thinning of flowers is in the following order: the speed of the rubber strip﹥the spacing of the rubber strip﹥the speed of the machine suitable for the modern standards of orchards.

Key words: orchard management; flower thinning device; tracked self-propelled; flower thinning arm; hydraulic system; flower thinning optimization

中图分类号:

S233.3

周艳, 何磊, 宋龙, 潘云飞, 王强, 宋振帅. 果园履带自走式疏花机的设计与试验[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(10): 2514-2526.

ZHOU Yan, HE Lei, SONG Long, PAN Yunfei, WANG Qiang, SONG Zhenshuai. Design and experiment of self-propelled track flower-thinning machine in orchards[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(10): 2514-2526.

图/表 23

图1 果树种植模式示意

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of fruit trees

表1 果园履带自走式疏花机主要技术参数

Tab.1 main technical parameters of orchard caterpillar flower thinning machine

项目 Project	数值 The numerical
总机尺寸(长×宽×高) Size of switchboard (L×W×H)(m)	2.2×1.7×3.5
配套履带拖拉机动力 Supporting crawler tractor power(KW)	30~50
整机自重 The whole weight of(kg)	800
作业速度 Operating speed (km/h)	1
作业幅宽 Operating range of(m)	1
液压系统工作压力 Working pressure of hydraulic system(MPa)	10
拟定初选液压泵的转速 Formulate the primary hydraulic pump speed (r/min)	200~2 000
疏花轴作业高度 Working height of sparse axis(m)	3 900

图2 履带自走式疏花装置结构示意注:1.控制箱;2.操纵杆;3.疏花臂;4.支架;5.滑向导轨;6.疏花轴;7.胶条;8.液压缸1;9.支撑架1;10.支撑架2;11.液压缸2;12.液压缸3;13.履带牵引机

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of crawler type flower dredging machine Note:1.The control box;2.The joystick;3.Hydrophobic flower arm 1;4.Support;5.Slide to guide rail;6.Drain the rachis;7.Strip;8.The hydraulic cylinder1;9.Hydrophobic flower arm 2;10.Hydrophobic flower arm 3;11.The hydraulic cylinder2;12.The hydraulic cylinder 3;13.Crawler tractor

图 3 果园履带自走式疏花机田间作业

Fig.3 Field operation of orchard self-propelled track flower-thinning machine

图4 疏花部件(左)疏花轴(右) 注:1.疏花臂1;2.支架;3.滑向导轨;4.疏花轴;5.胶条;6.液压马达

Fig.4 Sparser (left) sparser axis (right) Notes:3.Hydrophobic flower arm;4.stents;5.Slide to guide rail;6.Hydrophobic rachis;7.Strip;14.Hydraulic motor

图5 疏花极限力

Fig.5 Ultimate force of thinning

图6 疏花臂支撑1受力示意

Fig.6 Schematic diagram of force on bar 1

图7 疏花臂支撑杆2受力示意

Fig.7 Schematic diagram of force exerted on bar 2

图8 疏花臂3受力示意

Fig.8 Schematic diagram of force of rod 3

表2 液压马达参数

Tab.2 Hydraulic motor parameters

类型 Type	叶片马达 Leaf blade motor
型号Model	YM
额定压力The rated pressure(MPa)	6MPa
转速Speed(r/min)	100~2000 r/min
排量Displacement(mL/r)	16.3~93.5 mL/r
输出转矩The output torque(N)	11~72

图9 液压系统原理注:1.油箱;2.滤油器;3.定量泵;4.单向阀;5.溢流阀;6.电磁阀;7.压力继电器;8.压力计;9,10,11,12,21,27三位四通方向控制阀;13,14,15双作用液压缸;16,19,22,25,28,30单向阀;17,18,23,24,29,30可调节流阀;20,26,31定量马达

Fig.9 Schematic diagram of hydraulic system Note:1.The fuel tank; 2.Oil filter; 3.Quantitative pump; 4.Check valve;5.Overflow valve; 6.Solenoid valve; 7.Pressure relay; 8.Pressure gauge; 9,10,11,12,21,27 three four-way direction control valve; 13,14,15 double acting hydraulic cylinders; 16,19,22,25,28,30 check valve; 17,18,23,24,29,30adjustable throttle valve; 20,26,31Quantitative motor

图10 疏花作业前(左),作业后(右)

Fig.10 Before (left) and after (right)

表3 试验因素和水平

Tab.3 Experimental factors and levels

水平 The level of	行进速度 speed(km/h)	胶条转速 Strip speed (r/min)	胶条间隔 Strip interval (cm)
a	2	200~300	3
b	3	300~400	4
c	4	300~400	5
		350~400

表4 试验为A的条件下数据

Tab.4 Data under the condition of test B

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
27	23	13
32	27	17
33	29	12
30	26	13
32	28	14
26	22	16
21	17	19
34	30	11
43	38	12
33	29	11
38	32	14
39	32	16
41	34	17
27	23	13
37	31	15
32	28	11
49	39	20

表5 试验为B的条件下数据

Tab.5 Data under the condition of test B

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c)(%)
37	25	32
29	25	35
41	26	36
43	27	37
28	17	39
34	23	31
38	25	36
32	22	30
33	22	33
39	24	37
41	26	35
30	20	32
28	18	33
24	17	30
49	33	33
32	21	34
35	23	35

表6 试验为C的条件下数据

Tab.6 Data under the condition of test C

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
23	14	37
29	18	39
32	18	43
42	24	42
47	28	40
38	25	35
33	21	35
18	12	34
23	15	38
32	19	40
42	27	36
25	16	37
19	12	35
33	21	36
35	22	36
41	25	39
29	18	37

表7 试验为D的条件下数据

Tab.7 Data under the condition of test D

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
33	26	21
35	26	27
27	19	28
26	20	24
32	25	22
41	30	26
38	30	21
36	29	19
25	19	22
27	20	24
32	26	18
39	29	25
33	24	29
34	24	30
23	18	23
45	34	25
39	29	25

表8 试验为E的条件下数据

Tab.8 Data under the condition of test E

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
19	13	33
36	24	32
47	33	30
39	28	29
42	32	25
28	19	32
33	21	38
35	21	39
43	29	33
27	17	35
39	27	31
32	22	30
29	19	35
38	27	29
42	28	33
27	18	34
30	20	33

表9 试验为F的条件下数据

Tab.9 Data under the condition of test F

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
43	25	43
38	22	43
37	22	42
45	27	41
36	22	39
28	18	37
33	19	42
39	22	43
41	23	45
40	24	39
46	28	40
32	18	45
29	15	47
27	16	42
33	19	41
35	20	42
37	19	49

表10 试验设计方案及响应值

Tab.10 Experimental design scheme and response value

序号 The serial number	前进速度 Forward speed (Km/h)	胶条转速 Speed of the rubber strip (r/min)	胶条间隔 Rubber strip spacing (cm)	疏除率 Hydrophobic rate (%)	平均疏除率 Mean thinning rate (%)
A	2	200~300	3	10~20	14.35
B	3	300~400	4	30~40	34.01
C	4	300~400	4	35~45	37.58
D	4	300~400	5	20~28	24.05
E	3	300~400	5	29~35	32.41
F	3	350~400	5	40~45	42.35

表 11 回归方程方差

Tab.11 Analysis of variance of regression equation

方差来源 Source	果树疏除率 Thinning rate of fruit trees
方差来源 Source	平方和 Sum of squares	自由度 Degrees of freedom	F	显著水平 Significant level
模型 Mesidual	43.38	9	13.50	<0.001 2
X₁	4.50	1	12.60	0.000 93
X₂	18.00	1	50.40	0.000 2
X₃	0.001	1	0.001	1.000 0
X₁X₂	1	1	2.80	0.138 2
X₁X₃	0.000	1	0.000	1.000 0
X₂X₃	1	1	2.80	0.138 2
$X_{1}^{2}$	6.58	1	18.42	0.003 6
$X_{2}^{2}$	12.89	1	36.11	0.000 5
$X_{3}^{2}$	0.26	1	0.74	0.419 1
残差 Residual	2.50	7
失拟项 Lack of fit	0.50	3	0.33	0.803 2
误差 Pure error	2.00	4
总和 Total	45.88	16

表 11 回归方程方差

Tab.11 Analysis of variance of regression equation

方差来源 Source	果树疏除率 Thinning rate of fruit trees
方差来源 Source	平方和 Sum of squares	自由度 Degrees of freedom	F	显著水平 Significant level
模型 Mesidual	43.38	9	13.50	<0.001 2
X₁	4.50	1	12.60	0.000 93
X₂	18.00	1	50.40	0.000 2
X₃	0.001	1	0.001	1.000 0
X₁X₂	1	1	2.80	0.138 2
X₁X₃	0.000	1	0.000	1.000 0
X₂X₃	1	1	2.80	0.138 2
$X_{1}^{2}$	6.58	1	18.42	0.003 6
$X_{2}^{2}$	12.89	1	36.11	0.000 5
$X_{3}^{2}$	0.26	1	0.74	0.419 1
残差 Residual	2.50	7
失拟项 Lack of fit	0.50	3	0.33	0.803 2
误差 Pure error	2.00	4
总和 Total	45.88	16

图11 前进速度、胶条转速和胶条间隔交互因素对疏除率影响

Fig.11 Interaction factors of forward speed, strip rotation speed and strip interval on recovery rate

表12 试验验证值

Tab.12 Test validation values

项目 Items	疏除率 Hydrophobic besides the rate(%)
理论优化值 Theoretical optimum value	35~40
第 1 次试验 First test value	34~38
第2次试验 Second test value	36~42
第 3 次试验 Third test value	35~40
平均值 Average value	35.33~40
相对误差 Relative error(%)	≤4

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[21]	Impact of a mechanical flower thinning on growth, yield, diseases and fruit quality of sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.) under organic growing conditions[J]. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture, 2014, 30(1): 24-31.
[22]	张宇文, 毋万来, 赵保平, 等. 新型果树疏花疏果双口剪和双体剪[J]. 落叶果树, 2020, 52(2): 68.
	ZHANG Yuwen, WU Wanlai, ZHAO Baoping, et al. Two -mouth shears and two - body shears for thinning flower and fruit in fruit trees[J]. Deciduous Fruits, 2020, 52(2): 68.
[23]	全朋坤, 李艳聪, 张帅杰, 等. 苹果成熟季树枝力学特性研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2016, 10(10): 44-47.
	QUAN Pengkun, LI Yancong, ZHANG Shuanijie, et al. Research Advances in flower and fruit management for apple tree study on mechanical properties of apple ripened tree branch[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2016, 10(10): 44-47
[24]	周艳, 潘云飞, 何磊. 牵引式疏花机设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(11):43-49
	ZHOU Yan, PAN Yunfei, HE Lei, et al. Design and experiment of Tractor flower-thinning machine[J]. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Mechanization, 2022, 43(11):43-49
[25]	袁常伟. 桃树疏花机的设计与性能试验[D]. 保定: 河北农业大学, 2021.
	YUAN Changwei. Design and performance test of peach flower thinning machine[D]. Baoding: Agricultural University of Hebei, 2021.

果园履带自走式疏花机的设计与试验

Design and experiment of self-propelled track flower-thinning machine in orchards

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作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
27	23	13
32	27	17
33	29	12
30	26	13
32	28	14
26	22	16
21	17	19
34	30	11
43	38	12
33	29	11
38	32	14
39	32	16
41	34	17
27	23	13
37	31	15
32	28	11
49	39	20

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
27	23	13
32	27	17
33	29	12
30	26	13
32	28	14
26	22	16
21	17	19
34	30	11
43	38	12
33	29	11
38	32	14
39	32	16
41	34	17
27	23	13
37	31	15
32	28	11
49	39	20

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c)(%)
37	25	32
29	25	35
41	26	36
43	27	37
28	17	39
34	23	31
38	25	36
32	22	30
33	22	33
39	24	37
41	26	35
30	20	32
28	18	33
24	17	30
49	33	33
32	21	34
35	23	35

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c)(%)
37	25	32
29	25	35
41	26	36
43	27	37
28	17	39
34	23	31
38	25	36
32	22	30
33	22	33
39	24	37
41	26	35
30	20	32
28	18	33
24	17	30
49	33	33
32	21	34
35	23	35

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
23	14	37
29	18	39
32	18	43
42	24	42
47	28	40
38	25	35
33	21	35
18	12	34
23	15	38
32	19	40
42	27	36
25	16	37
19	12	35
33	21	36
35	22	36
41	25	39
29	18	37

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
23	14	37
29	18	39
32	18	43
42	24	42
47	28	40
38	25	35
33	21	35
18	12	34
23	15	38
32	19	40
42	27	36
25	16	37
19	12	35
33	21	36
35	22	36
41	25	39
29	18	37

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
33	26	21
35	26	27
27	19	28
26	20	24
32	25	22
41	30	26
38	30	21
36	29	19
25	19	22
27	20	24
32	26	18
39	29	25
33	24	29
34	24	30
23	18	23
45	34	25
39	29	25

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
33	26	21
35	26	27
27	19	28
26	20	24
32	25	22
41	30	26
38	30	21
36	29	19
25	19	22
27	20	24
32	26	18
39	29	25
33	24	29
34	24	30
23	18	23
45	34	25
39	29	25

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
19	13	33
36	24	32
47	33	30
39	28	29
42	32	25
28	19	32
33	21	38
35	21	39
43	29	33
27	17	35
39	27	31
32	22	30
29	19	35
38	27	29
42	28	33
27	18	34
30	20	33

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
19	13	33
36	24	32
47	33	30
39	28	29
42	32	25
28	19	32
33	21	38
35	21	39
43	29	33
27	17	35
39	27	31
32	22	30
29	19	35
38	27	29
42	28	33
27	18	34
30	20	33

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
27	23	13
32	27	17
33	29	12
30	26	13
32	28	14
26	22	16
21	17	19
34	30	11
43	38	12
33	29	11
38	32	14
39	32	16
41	34	17
27	23	13
37	31	15
32	28	11
49	39	20

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
27	23	13
32	27	17
33	29	12
30	26	13
32	28	14
26	22	16
21	17	19
34	30	11
43	38	12
33	29	11
38	32	14
39	32	16
41	34	17
27	23	13
37	31	15
32	28	11
49	39	20

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c)(%)
37	25	32
29	25	35
41	26	36
43	27	37
28	17	39
34	23	31
38	25	36
32	22	30
33	22	33
39	24	37
41	26	35
30	20	32
28	18	33
24	17	30
49	33	33
32	21	34
35	23	35

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c)(%)
37	25	32
29	25	35
41	26	36
43	27	37
28	17	39
34	23	31
38	25	36
32	22	30
33	22	33
39	24	37
41	26	35
30	20	32
28	18	33
24	17	30
49	33	33
32	21	34
35	23	35

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
23	14	37
29	18	39
32	18	43
42	24	42
47	28	40
38	25	35
33	21	35
18	12	34
23	15	38
32	19	40
42	27	36
25	16	37
19	12	35
33	21	36
35	22	36
41	25	39
29	18	37

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
23	14	37
29	18	39
32	18	43
42	24	42
47	28	40
38	25	35
33	21	35
18	12	34
23	15	38
32	19	40
42	27	36
25	16	37
19	12	35
33	21	36
35	22	36
41	25	39
29	18	37

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
33	26	21
35	26	27
27	19	28
26	20	24
32	25	22
41	30	26
38	30	21
36	29	19
25	19	22
27	20	24
32	26	18
39	29	25
33	24	29
34	24	30
23	18	23
45	34	25
39	29	25

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
33	26	21
35	26	27
27	19	28
26	20	24
32	25	22
41	30	26
38	30	21
36	29	19
25	19	22
27	20	24
32	26	18
39	29	25
33	24	29
34	24	30
23	18	23
45	34	25
39	29	25

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
19	13	33
36	24	32
47	33	30
39	28	29
42	32	25
28	19	32
33	21	38
35	21	39
43	29	33
27	17	35
39	27	31
32	22	30
29	19	35
38	27	29
42	28	33
27	18	34
30	20	33

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
19	13	33
36	24	32
47	33	30
39	28	29
42	32	25
28	19	32
33	21	38
35	21	39
43	29	33
27	17	35
39	27	31
32	22	30
29	19	35
38	27	29
42	28	33
27	18	34
30	20	33

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
27	23	13
32	27	17
33	29	12
30	26	13
32	28	14
26	22	16
21	17	19
34	30	11
43	38	12
33	29	11
38	32	14
39	32	16
41	34	17
27	23	13
37	31	15
32	28	11
49	39	20

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
27	23	13
32	27	17
33	29	12
30	26	13
32	28	14
26	22	16
21	17	19
34	30	11
43	38	12
33	29	11
38	32	14
39	32	16
41	34	17
27	23	13
37	31	15
32	28	11
49	39	20

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c)(%)
37	25	32
29	25	35
41	26	36
43	27	37
28	17	39
34	23	31
38	25	36
32	22	30
33	22	33
39	24	37
41	26	35
30	20	32
28	18	33
24	17	30
49	33	33
32	21	34
35	23	35

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c)(%)
37	25	32
29	25	35
41	26	36
43	27	37
28	17	39
34	23	31
38	25	36
32	22	30
33	22	33
39	24	37
41	26	35
30	20	32
28	18	33
24	17	30
49	33	33
32	21	34
35	23	35

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
23	14	37
29	18	39
32	18	43
42	24	42
47	28	40
38	25	35
33	21	35
18	12	34
23	15	38
32	19	40
42	27	36
25	16	37
19	12	35
33	21	36
35	22	36
41	25	39
29	18	37

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
23	14	37
29	18	39
32	18	43
42	24	42
47	28	40
38	25	35
33	21	35
18	12	34
23	15	38
32	19	40
42	27	36
25	16	37
19	12	35
33	21	36
35	22	36
41	25	39
29	18	37

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
33	26	21
35	26	27
27	19	28
26	20	24
32	25	22
41	30	26
38	30	21
36	29	19
25	19	22
27	20	24
32	26	18
39	29	25
33	24	29
34	24	30
23	18	23
45	34	25
39	29	25

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
33	26	21
35	26	27
27	19	28
26	20	24
32	25	22
41	30	26
38	30	21
36	29	19
25	19	22
27	20	24
32	26	18
39	29	25
33	24	29
34	24	30
23	18	23
45	34	25
39	29	25

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
19	13	33
36	24	32
47	33	30
39	28	29
42	32	25
28	19	32
33	21	38
35	21	39
43	29	33
27	17	35
39	27	31
32	22	30
29	19	35
38	27	29
42	28	33
27	18	34
30	20	33

作业前花朵数(a)(朵) Number of flowers before homework (a) (flower)	作业后花朵数(b)(朵) Number of flowers after homework (b) (flower)	疏除率(c) Hydrophobic besides rate (c) (%)
19	13	33
36	24	32
47	33	30
39	28	29
42	32	25
28	19	32
33	21	38
35	21	39
43	29	33
27	17	35
39	27	31
32	22	30
29	19	35
38	27	29
42	28	33
27	18	34
30	20	33