新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (5): 1259-1267.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.05.024
姚洋1(), 董伟2, 李海英1(
), 赵晓钰1, 廖和荣2, 吴盈萍1, 王刚2, 黄贵杰2
收稿日期:
2023-08-07
出版日期:
2024-05-20
发布日期:
2024-07-09
通信作者:
李海英(1968-),女,山东莱阳人,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为家禽种质资源利用与高效繁育,(E-mail)lhy-3@163.com作者简介:
姚洋(1996-),男,四川遂宁人,硕士研究生,研究方向为家禽生产学,(E-mail)yy980119@163.com
基金资助:
YAO Yang1(), DONG Wei2, LI Haiying1(
), ZHAO Xiaoyu1, LIAO Herong2, WU Yingping1, WANG Gang2, HUANG Guijie2
Received:
2023-08-07
Published:
2024-05-20
Online:
2024-07-09
Correspondence author:
LI Haiying (1968-), female, from Laiyang, Shandong, professor, doctoral supervisor, research direction: animal nutrition and feed science, (E-mail)lhy-3@163.com
Supported by:
摘要:
【目的】研究不同羽系拜城油鸡生长发育规律,为拜城油鸡的科学饲养管理和品种改良提供理论依据。【方法】分别选择0日龄健康的黑麻羽系、黄麻羽系和银灰羽系拜城油鸡雏鸡各200只(公母各半),测定并记录0~22周龄的体重,采用Logistic、Gompertz和Von Bertalanffy生长模型对拜城油鸡公、母鸡的体重进行生长曲线拟合分析。【结果】10、14周龄黑麻羽系公鸡的体重显著高于银灰羽系公鸡的体重(P<0.05),12周龄黑麻羽系公鸡的体重显著高于黄麻羽系和银灰羽系公鸡的体重(P<0.05),16周龄黑麻羽系和黄麻羽系公鸡的体重极显著高于银灰羽系公鸡的体重(P<0.01),20、22周龄黑麻羽系和黄麻羽系公鸡的体重显著高于银灰羽系公鸡的体重(P<0.05);母鸡中,黄麻羽系母鸡的初生重分别显著或极显著高于黑麻羽系和银灰羽系母鸡(P<0.05或P<0.01),6、8周龄黑麻羽系母鸡的体重显著高于银灰羽系母鸡的体重(P<0.05),20、22周龄龄黄麻羽系母鸡的体重显著高于银灰羽系母鸡的体重(P<0.05);3个羽系拜城油鸡的生长曲线均呈现“S”型;3个羽系公鸡均在第10周达到生长高峰,母鸡在第12周达到生长高峰;3种生长模型的拟合曲线与实际曲线基本吻合,Von Bertalanffy模型对公、母鸡的拟合效果最佳(R2>0.998),黑麻羽系、黄麻羽系和银灰羽系公鸡的拐点周龄分别为8.629、9.389、8.947,拐点体重分别为858.207、911.107、842.681 g;母鸡的拐点周龄分别为7.946、8.619、7.936,拐点体重分别为635.543、679.577、609.097 g。【结论】不同羽系拜城油鸡的生长发育存在差异,3个羽系拜城油鸡公、母鸡的最优生长模型均为Von Bertalanffy模型。
中图分类号:
姚洋, 董伟, 李海英, 赵晓钰, 廖和荣, 吴盈萍, 王刚, 黄贵杰. 不同羽系拜城油鸡生长发育规律及生长曲线拟合分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(5): 1259-1267.
YAO Yang, DONG Wei, LI Haiying, ZHAO Xiaoyu, LIAO Herong, WU Yingping, WANG Gang, HUANG Guijie. Growth and development rules and growth curve fitting analysis of Baicheng County Fried Chicken with different feather lines[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(5): 1259-1267.
项目 Items | 0~6周龄 0-6 Week | 7~19周龄 7-19 Week | 20~22周龄 20-22 Week |
---|---|---|---|
日粮组成 Diet composition | |||
玉米Corn(%) | 67 | 67 | 66 |
大豆粕 Soybean meal(%) | 23 | 20 | 20 |
棉籽蛋白 Cottonseed protein(%) | 5 | 5 | |
小麦麸 Wheat bran(%) | 8 | ||
菜籽油 Rapeseed oil(%) | 2 | ||
石粉 Limestone(%) | 2 | ||
预混料 Premix(%) | 5 | 5 | 5 |
合计Total | 100 | 100 | 100 |
营养水平 Nutritional level | |||
代谢能ME(MJ/kg) | 11.97 | 11.72 | 12.28 |
粗蛋白CP(%) | 18.27 | 15.57 | 16.90 |
粗脂肪EE(%) | 2.90 | 3.11 | 4.79 |
粗纤维CF(%) | 2.59 | 2.64 | 2.42 |
钙Ca(%) | 1.10 | 1.09 | 2.03 |
总磷TP(%) | 0.74 | 0.71 | 0.67 |
有效磷AP(%) | 0.47 | 0.43 | 0.41 |
赖氨酸Lysine(%) | 0.94 | 0.79 | 0.86 |
蛋氨酸Methionine(%) | 0.45 | 0.41 | 0.43 |
表1 试验日粮组成及营养水平
Tab.1 Diet composition and nutrient level
项目 Items | 0~6周龄 0-6 Week | 7~19周龄 7-19 Week | 20~22周龄 20-22 Week |
---|---|---|---|
日粮组成 Diet composition | |||
玉米Corn(%) | 67 | 67 | 66 |
大豆粕 Soybean meal(%) | 23 | 20 | 20 |
棉籽蛋白 Cottonseed protein(%) | 5 | 5 | |
小麦麸 Wheat bran(%) | 8 | ||
菜籽油 Rapeseed oil(%) | 2 | ||
石粉 Limestone(%) | 2 | ||
预混料 Premix(%) | 5 | 5 | 5 |
合计Total | 100 | 100 | 100 |
营养水平 Nutritional level | |||
代谢能ME(MJ/kg) | 11.97 | 11.72 | 12.28 |
粗蛋白CP(%) | 18.27 | 15.57 | 16.90 |
粗脂肪EE(%) | 2.90 | 3.11 | 4.79 |
粗纤维CF(%) | 2.59 | 2.64 | 2.42 |
钙Ca(%) | 1.10 | 1.09 | 2.03 |
总磷TP(%) | 0.74 | 0.71 | 0.67 |
有效磷AP(%) | 0.47 | 0.43 | 0.41 |
赖氨酸Lysine(%) | 0.94 | 0.79 | 0.86 |
蛋氨酸Methionine(%) | 0.45 | 0.41 | 0.43 |
项目Items | Logistic | Gompertz | Von Bertalanffy |
---|---|---|---|
表达式Expression | Y=A/(1+Be-Kt) | Y=Ae-Bexp(-Kt) | Y=A(1-Be-Kt)3 |
拐点体重Inflection point weight | A/2 | A/e | 8A/27 |
拐点周龄Inflecting age | (InB)/K | (InB)/K | (In3B)/K |
最大周增重Maximum weekly weight gain | Kw/2 | Kw | 3Kw/2 |
表2 三种生长曲线模型表达式及参数
Tab.2 Expressions and parameters of 3 growth curve models
项目Items | Logistic | Gompertz | Von Bertalanffy |
---|---|---|---|
表达式Expression | Y=A/(1+Be-Kt) | Y=Ae-Bexp(-Kt) | Y=A(1-Be-Kt)3 |
拐点体重Inflection point weight | A/2 | A/e | 8A/27 |
拐点周龄Inflecting age | (InB)/K | (InB)/K | (In3B)/K |
最大周增重Maximum weekly weight gain | Kw/2 | Kw | 3Kw/2 |
周龄 Week | 黑麻羽系 Black hemp-feather(g) | 黄麻羽系 Yellow-feather(g) | 银灰羽系 Silvery grey-feather(g) |
---|---|---|---|
初生重Birth weight | 37.85±3.33 | 37.51±3.37 | 37.26±3.36 |
2 | 132.74±17.48 | 131.06±16.79 | 128.05±14.23 |
4 | 328.43±32.71 | 320.45±35.17 | 325.31±32.10 |
6 | 514.33±61.61 | 505.77±63.65 | 508.13±42.30 |
8 | 725.31±69.34 | 711.15±67.12 | 709.31±55.45 |
10 | 1 020.00±68.46a | 982.47±66.01ab | 971.55±87.37b |
12 | 1 294.53±120.06Aa | 1 216.51±107.22ABb | 1 192.44±120.06Bb |
14 | 1 516.60±128.17a | 1 481.18±131.88ab | 1 437.01±147.96b |
16 | 1 743.00±153.35A | 1 680.79±98.65AB | 1 600.90±121.02B |
18 | 1 887.37±121.48 | 1 855.96±148.12 | 1 798.19±195.65 |
20 | 2 037.80±114.24a | 2 040.09±124.76a | 1 963.57±108.70b |
22 | 2 194.95±176.58a | 2 178.45±160.26a | 2 068.43±159.92b |
表3 不同羽系拜城油鸡公鸡体重比较
Tab.3 Comparison of body weight of Baicheng County Fried Chicken roosters from different feather lines
周龄 Week | 黑麻羽系 Black hemp-feather(g) | 黄麻羽系 Yellow-feather(g) | 银灰羽系 Silvery grey-feather(g) |
---|---|---|---|
初生重Birth weight | 37.85±3.33 | 37.51±3.37 | 37.26±3.36 |
2 | 132.74±17.48 | 131.06±16.79 | 128.05±14.23 |
4 | 328.43±32.71 | 320.45±35.17 | 325.31±32.10 |
6 | 514.33±61.61 | 505.77±63.65 | 508.13±42.30 |
8 | 725.31±69.34 | 711.15±67.12 | 709.31±55.45 |
10 | 1 020.00±68.46a | 982.47±66.01ab | 971.55±87.37b |
12 | 1 294.53±120.06Aa | 1 216.51±107.22ABb | 1 192.44±120.06Bb |
14 | 1 516.60±128.17a | 1 481.18±131.88ab | 1 437.01±147.96b |
16 | 1 743.00±153.35A | 1 680.79±98.65AB | 1 600.90±121.02B |
18 | 1 887.37±121.48 | 1 855.96±148.12 | 1 798.19±195.65 |
20 | 2 037.80±114.24a | 2 040.09±124.76a | 1 963.57±108.70b |
22 | 2 194.95±176.58a | 2 178.45±160.26a | 2 068.43±159.92b |
周龄 Week | 黑麻羽系 Black hemp eather(g) | 黄麻羽系 Yellow feather(g) | 银灰羽系 Silvery grey feather(g) |
---|---|---|---|
初生重Birth weight | 37.03±3.15ABbc | 38.15±3.47Aa | 36.56±3.44Bc |
2 | 123.27±12.33 | 124.26±10.26 | 123.04±11.48 |
4 | 292.80±30.92 | 286.72±33.23 | 284.30±29.43 |
6 | 437.70±49.86a | 420.80±43.55ab | 406.48±47.72b |
8 | 639.37±64.52a | 615.04±47.64ab | 602.74±77.09b |
10 | 835.52±85.60 | 795.59±89.72 | 799.28±81.05 |
12 | 1 045.45±110.84 | 1 044.62±104.07 | 1 002.74±118.06 |
14 | 1 176.40±137.36 | 1 185.12±86.11 | 1 158.22±66.90 |
16 | 1 260.34±118.39 | 1 292.85±136.81 | 1 249.02±113.71 |
18 | 1 415.58±118.22 | 1 450.93±137.05 | 1 374.38±169.25 |
20 | 1 571.08±156.16ab | 1 649.86±166.83a | 1 548.59±163.18b |
22 | 1 697.72±165.65ab | 1 712.42±150.65a | 1 623.78±153.17b |
表4 不同羽系拜城油鸡母鸡体重比较
Tab.4 Comparison of body weight of Baicheng County Fried Chicken hens from different feather lines
周龄 Week | 黑麻羽系 Black hemp eather(g) | 黄麻羽系 Yellow feather(g) | 银灰羽系 Silvery grey feather(g) |
---|---|---|---|
初生重Birth weight | 37.03±3.15ABbc | 38.15±3.47Aa | 36.56±3.44Bc |
2 | 123.27±12.33 | 124.26±10.26 | 123.04±11.48 |
4 | 292.80±30.92 | 286.72±33.23 | 284.30±29.43 |
6 | 437.70±49.86a | 420.80±43.55ab | 406.48±47.72b |
8 | 639.37±64.52a | 615.04±47.64ab | 602.74±77.09b |
10 | 835.52±85.60 | 795.59±89.72 | 799.28±81.05 |
12 | 1 045.45±110.84 | 1 044.62±104.07 | 1 002.74±118.06 |
14 | 1 176.40±137.36 | 1 185.12±86.11 | 1 158.22±66.90 |
16 | 1 260.34±118.39 | 1 292.85±136.81 | 1 249.02±113.71 |
18 | 1 415.58±118.22 | 1 450.93±137.05 | 1 374.38±169.25 |
20 | 1 571.08±156.16ab | 1 649.86±166.83a | 1 548.59±163.18b |
22 | 1 697.72±165.65ab | 1 712.42±150.65a | 1 623.78±153.17b |
羽系 Feather lines | 模型 Model | 参数 Parameter | 拟合度 (R2) | 拐点体重 Inflexion weight (g) | 拐点周龄 Inflexion week | 最大周增重 Maximum weight gain weekly (g) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A(g) | B | k | ||||||
黑麻羽系♂ Black hemp feather♂ | Logistic | 2 250.140 | 17.191 | 0.259 | 0.996 | 1 125.070 | 10.982 | 145.697 |
Gompertz | 2 585.509 | 3.784 | 0.140 | 0.999 | 951.156 | 9.506 | 133.162 | |
Von Bertalanffy | 2 896.449 | 0.790 | 0.100 | 0.999 | 858.207 | 8.629 | 128.731 | |
黑麻羽系♀ Black hemp feather♀ | Logistic | 1 702.675 | 13.081 | 0.245 | 0.991 | 851.338 | 10.495 | 104.289 |
Gompertz | 1 936.223 | 3.354 | 0.136 | 0.997 | 712.297 | 8.898 | 96.872 | |
Von Bertalanffy | 2 144.958 | 0.732 | 0.099 | 0.998 | 635.543 | 7.946 | 94.378 | |
黄麻羽系♂ Yellow feather♂ | Logistic | 2 287.362 | 16.757 | 0.246 | 0.996 | 1 143.681 | 11.459 | 140.673 |
Gompertz | 2 685.821 | 3.708 | 0.130 | 0.999 | 988.058 | 10.081 | 128.448 | |
Von Bertalanffy | 3 074.986 | 0.776 | 0.090 | 1.000 | 911.107 | 9.389 | 122.999 | |
黄麻羽系♀ Yellow feather♀ | Logistic | 1 761.263 | 14.206 | 0.243 | 0.993 | 880.632 | 10.920 | 106.997 |
Gompertz | 2 036.417 | 3.454 | 0.132 | 0.998 | 749.156 | 9.390 | 98.889 | |
Von Bertalanffy | 2 293.573 | 0.743 | 0.093 | 0.999 | 679.577 | 8.619 | 94.801 | |
银灰羽系♂ Silvery grey feather♂ | Logistic | 2 169.232 | 15.738 | 0.246 | 0.996 | 1 084.616 | 11.204 | 133.408 |
Gompertz | 2 516.042 | 3.618 | 0.132 | 0.999 | 925.600 | 9.742 | 122.179 | |
Von Bertalanffy | 2 844.049 | 0.766 | 0.093 | 1.000 | 842.681 | 8.947 | 117.554 | |
银灰羽系♀ Silvery grey feather♀ | Logistic | 1 633.379 | 13.905 | 0.252 | 0.993 | 816.690 | 10.445 | 102.903 |
Gompertz | 1 856.352 | 3.437 | 0.140 | 0.998 | 682.914 | 8.819 | 95.608 | |
Von Bertalanffy | 2 055.701 | 0.743 | 0.101 | 0.998 | 609.097 | 7.936 | 92.278 |
表5 不同羽系及性别拜城油鸡体重生长模型参数估计及拟合度
Tab.5 Parameter estimation of the body weight growth curve model and fitting analysis of the Baicheng County Fried Chicken of different feather lines and genders
羽系 Feather lines | 模型 Model | 参数 Parameter | 拟合度 (R2) | 拐点体重 Inflexion weight (g) | 拐点周龄 Inflexion week | 最大周增重 Maximum weight gain weekly (g) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A(g) | B | k | ||||||
黑麻羽系♂ Black hemp feather♂ | Logistic | 2 250.140 | 17.191 | 0.259 | 0.996 | 1 125.070 | 10.982 | 145.697 |
Gompertz | 2 585.509 | 3.784 | 0.140 | 0.999 | 951.156 | 9.506 | 133.162 | |
Von Bertalanffy | 2 896.449 | 0.790 | 0.100 | 0.999 | 858.207 | 8.629 | 128.731 | |
黑麻羽系♀ Black hemp feather♀ | Logistic | 1 702.675 | 13.081 | 0.245 | 0.991 | 851.338 | 10.495 | 104.289 |
Gompertz | 1 936.223 | 3.354 | 0.136 | 0.997 | 712.297 | 8.898 | 96.872 | |
Von Bertalanffy | 2 144.958 | 0.732 | 0.099 | 0.998 | 635.543 | 7.946 | 94.378 | |
黄麻羽系♂ Yellow feather♂ | Logistic | 2 287.362 | 16.757 | 0.246 | 0.996 | 1 143.681 | 11.459 | 140.673 |
Gompertz | 2 685.821 | 3.708 | 0.130 | 0.999 | 988.058 | 10.081 | 128.448 | |
Von Bertalanffy | 3 074.986 | 0.776 | 0.090 | 1.000 | 911.107 | 9.389 | 122.999 | |
黄麻羽系♀ Yellow feather♀ | Logistic | 1 761.263 | 14.206 | 0.243 | 0.993 | 880.632 | 10.920 | 106.997 |
Gompertz | 2 036.417 | 3.454 | 0.132 | 0.998 | 749.156 | 9.390 | 98.889 | |
Von Bertalanffy | 2 293.573 | 0.743 | 0.093 | 0.999 | 679.577 | 8.619 | 94.801 | |
银灰羽系♂ Silvery grey feather♂ | Logistic | 2 169.232 | 15.738 | 0.246 | 0.996 | 1 084.616 | 11.204 | 133.408 |
Gompertz | 2 516.042 | 3.618 | 0.132 | 0.999 | 925.600 | 9.742 | 122.179 | |
Von Bertalanffy | 2 844.049 | 0.766 | 0.093 | 1.000 | 842.681 | 8.947 | 117.554 | |
银灰羽系♀ Silvery grey feather♀ | Logistic | 1 633.379 | 13.905 | 0.252 | 0.993 | 816.690 | 10.445 | 102.903 |
Gompertz | 1 856.352 | 3.437 | 0.140 | 0.998 | 682.914 | 8.819 | 95.608 | |
Von Bertalanffy | 2 055.701 | 0.743 | 0.101 | 0.998 | 609.097 | 7.936 | 92.278 |
图7 拜城油鸡黑麻羽系公鸡的实测生长曲线与拟合曲线比较
Fig.7 Comparisons of measured growth curve and fitting curve of Black hemp feather roosters of Baicheng County Fried Chicken
图11 拜城油鸡银灰羽系公鸡的实测生长曲线与拟合曲线比较
Fig.11 Comparisons of measured growth curve and fitting curve of silvery grey feather roosters of Baicheng County Fried Chicken
图12 拜城油鸡银灰羽系母鸡的实测生长曲线与拟合曲线比较
Fig.12 Comparisons of measured growth curve and fitting curve of silvery grey feather hens of Baicheng County Fried Chicken
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