新疆棉花主产区土壤残膜赋存特征及相关性

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.12.009

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (12): 2932-2939.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.12.009

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学·土壤肥料 • 上一篇下一篇

新疆棉花主产区土壤残膜赋存特征及相关性

华震宇¹^,²(), 李霞¹, 姜娜¹, 刘河疆¹^,²(), 马兴旺²^,³()

1.新疆农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所/农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(乌鲁木齐)/新疆农产品质量安全重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.农业农村部西北绿洲农业环境重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2023-04-30 出版日期:2023-12-20 发布日期:2024-01-03
通信作者: 刘河疆(1981-),男,河南西平人,正高级实验师,硕士,研究方向为农产品质量安全,(E-mail)12631499@qq.com;马兴旺(1970-),男,宁夏隆德人,研究员,博士,研究方向为养分资源高效利用与面源污染防治,(E-mail)maxw@xaas.ac.cn
作者简介:华震宇(1988-),男,浙江临海人,高级实验师,硕士,研究方向为农产品质量安全,(E-mail)780016831@qq.com
基金资助:
农业农村部西北绿洲农业环境重点实验室开放基金课题(XBLZ-20206);国家自然科学基金地区科学基金(42267065)

Study on the occurrence characteristics and correlation of residual film in cotton field in Xinjiang

HUA Zhenyu¹^,²(), LI Xia¹, JIANG Na¹, LIU Hejiang¹^,²(), MA Xingwang²^,³()

1. Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Urumqi) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China / Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards & Testing Technology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
2. Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R. China, Urumqi 830091,China
3. Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091,China

Received:2023-04-30 Online:2023-12-20 Published:2024-01-03
Correspondence author: LIU Hejiang(1981-),male,native place:Xiping,Henan Province,research professor,mainly engaged in research on quality and safety of agricultural products,(E-mail)12631499@qq.com;MA Xingwang(1970-),male,born in Ningxia Region,research professor,doctoral supervisor,mainly engaged in research on efficient utilization of nutrient resources and prevention of non-point source pollution,(E-mail)maxw@xaas.ac.cn
Supported by:
Open Fund Project for Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Agricultural Environment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China(XBLZ-20206);Regional Science Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(42267065)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究新疆棉花主产区土壤地膜残留量状况,为棉田地膜残膜防控措施提供科学依据。【方法】对新疆9个地(州)20县(市)典型棉区不同耕层土壤进行采样,统计地膜残留量、残片数量、面积、质量、膜厚,研究土壤残膜赋存特征及影响因素,分析相关性及残膜量对塑化剂含量的影响。【结果】新疆棉花主产区土壤残膜量水平在3.19~454.03 kg/hm²,均值为126.24 kg/hm²,残膜区域空间分布顺序依次为南疆>北疆>东疆;分布在 0~20 cm 土层内的残膜显著高于20~40 cm土层,随着覆膜年限增加,残膜呈现向深层土壤下移的趋势。残膜含量与破碎度呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与膜厚呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。土壤中的PAEs含量与对应的残膜含量呈显著正相关(P<0.01)。【结论】新疆棉花主产区土壤残膜留量属于中度水平,土层残膜垂直分布存在残膜含量和残片数量随土壤深度增加而逐渐降低,不同残膜区域空间分布差异性明显,随着覆膜年限的增加,耕层土壤中残膜的含量和数量均呈上升趋势,土壤残膜量与土壤中 PAEs 显著相关。

关键词: 土壤残膜; 残膜含量; 残片数; 覆膜年限; 塑化剂

Abstract:

【Objective】To study the present situation of soil mulching film residual in Xinjiang cotton producing areas and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control measures of cotton mulching film.【Methods】Soil samples were collected from different surface layers in typical cotton areas of 20 counties and 9 prefectures in Xinjiang, and the residual amount of plastic film, the number, area, quality and film thickness were counted. After that, the occurrence characteristics and influencing factors of soil residual film were studied, and the correlation analysis was conducted to discuss the influence of residual film amount on plasticizer content.【Results】The amount of soil residual film in the main cotton producing areas of Xinjiang ranged from 3.19-454.03 kg/hm², with an average of 126.24 kg/hm². The spatial distribution of residual film was as follows: southern Xinjiang>Northern Xinjiang > Eastern Xinjiang; The residual film distributed in 0-20 cm soil layer was significantly higher than that in 20-40 cm soil layer. With the increase of mulching years, the residual film showed a trend of moving down to deep soil. The residual film content was positively correlated with the degree of breakage (P<0.05), was significantly negatively correlated with film thickness (P<0.05), and the content of PAEs in soil was positively correlated with the content of residual film (P< 0.01).【Conclusion】Major cotton producing areas in Xinjiang soil residual membrane pollution belong to medium pollution level, the soil content of residual vertical distribution of membrane and membrane and the number of pieces gradually reduce with the increase of soil depth, and the difference of spatial distribution of different residual membrane regions is obvious. Along with the increasing length of laminating, top layer of soil and the content of residual film in number are on the rise, and the amount of soil residual film is significantly correlated with PAEs in soil.

Key words: residual film in soil; mulch residues; number of residual film; film mulching years; plasticizer

中图分类号:

X71
S562

华震宇, 李霞, 姜娜, 刘河疆, 马兴旺. 新疆棉花主产区土壤残膜赋存特征及相关性[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(12): 2932-2939.

HUA Zhenyu, LI Xia, JIANG Na, LIU Hejiang, MA Xingwang. Study on the occurrence characteristics and correlation of residual film in cotton field in Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(12): 2932-2939.

图/表 9

参考文献 22

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传统区域 Traditional area	行政分区 Administrative division	采样地点 Sampling locations
北疆 North Xinjiang	塔城地区	乌苏市、沙湾县
	石河子市	兵团第八师148团
	昌吉回族自治州	昌吉市、呼图壁县、玛纳斯县
东疆 Eastern Xinjiang	吐鲁番市	托克逊县、鄯善县
东疆 Eastern Xinjiang	哈密市	伊州区
南疆 South Xinjiang	巴音郭楞蒙古自治州	库尔勒市
	阿克苏地区	阿瓦提县、库车县、沙雅县
	喀什地区	喀什市、疏勒县、莎车县、麦盖提县、叶城县
	和田地区	洛浦县、墨玉县

传统区域 Traditional area	行政分区 Administrative division	采样地点 Sampling locations
北疆 North Xinjiang	塔城地区	乌苏市、沙湾县
	石河子市	兵团第八师148团
	昌吉回族自治州	昌吉市、呼图壁县、玛纳斯县
东疆 Eastern Xinjiang	吐鲁番市	托克逊县、鄯善县
东疆 Eastern Xinjiang	哈密市	伊州区
南疆 South Xinjiang	巴音郭楞蒙古自治州	库尔勒市
	阿克苏地区	阿瓦提县、库车县、沙雅县
	喀什地区	喀什市、疏勒县、莎车县、麦盖提县、叶城县
	和田地区	洛浦县、墨玉县

区域 Area	残膜含量 Mulch residues (kg/hm²)	残膜质量浓度 Concentration of mulching film (mg/kg)	膜厚 Film thickness (μm)	破碎度 Fragmen- tation (mg/块)	残膜碎片数量占比 Proportion of residual membrane debris(%)			残膜重量区间 Residual film weight range (g)	残膜面积区间 Residual film area interval (cm²)
区域 Area	残膜含量 Mulch residues (kg/hm²)	残膜质量浓度 Concentration of mulching film (mg/kg)	膜厚 Film thickness (μm)	破碎度 Fragmen- tation (mg/块)	<4 cm²	4~25 cm²	>25 cm²	残膜重量区间 Residual film weight range (g)	残膜面积区间 Residual film area interval (cm²)
新疆 Xinjiang	126.24	198.49	11	10.88	84.2	12.2	3.3	0.000 1~0.549 8	0.1~192.1
北疆 North Xinjiang	149.04	234.35	12	10.82	84.5	12.3	3.2	0.000 1~0.549 8	0.12~192.1
南疆 South Xinjiang	120.06	188.77	14	12.03	83.6	11.9	3.8	0.000 1~0.155 7	0.1~60.18
东疆 Eastern Xinjiang	103.75	163.12	14	7.57	85.7	12.6	1.7	0.000 1~0.145 1	0.12~102.1
塔城Tacheng	206.49	324.67	13	24.61	75.8	16.3	7.9	0.000 1~0.549 8	0.235~192.1
阿克苏Akesu	161.49	253.91	10	10.03	91.4	7.7	0	0.000 1~0.087	0.1~16.41
和田Hetian	154.48	242.9	21	5.51	79.9	17	2.1	0.000 1~0.145 1	0.23~60.18
石河子Shihezi	141.3	222.17	9	7.34	93.4	6.2	0.4	0.000 1~0.123 1	0.12~12.31
昌吉Changji	126.13	198.32	13	6.53	83.5	12.5	4	0.000 1~0.251 6	0.121~113.61
哈密Hami	106.9	168.07	14	10.28	76.2	20	3.8	0.000 1~0.145 1	0.105~102.1
吐鲁番Tulufan	101.65	159.82	14	5.76	91.6	8	0.4	0.000 1~0.098 4	0.12~71.14
巴音郭楞蒙古自治区州 Bayingollin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture	83.95	132	16	6.66	92.8	7.2	0	0.000 1~0.080 0	0.1~12.50
喀什Kashi	71.02	111.67	16	19.19	85.4	11.9	2.7	0.000 1~0.103 6	0.125~44.82

区域 Area	残膜含量 Mulch residues (kg/hm²)	残膜质量浓度 Concentration of mulching film (mg/kg)	膜厚 Film thickness (μm)	破碎度 Fragmen- tation (mg/块)	残膜碎片数量占比 Proportion of residual membrane debris(%)			残膜重量区间 Residual film weight range (g)	残膜面积区间 Residual film area interval (cm²)
区域 Area	残膜含量 Mulch residues (kg/hm²)	残膜质量浓度 Concentration of mulching film (mg/kg)	膜厚 Film thickness (μm)	破碎度 Fragmen- tation (mg/块)	<4 cm²	4~25 cm²	>25 cm²	残膜重量区间 Residual film weight range (g)	残膜面积区间 Residual film area interval (cm²)
新疆 Xinjiang	126.24	198.49	11	10.88	84.2	12.2	3.3	0.000 1~0.549 8	0.1~192.1
北疆 North Xinjiang	149.04	234.35	12	10.82	84.5	12.3	3.2	0.000 1~0.549 8	0.12~192.1
南疆 South Xinjiang	120.06	188.77	14	12.03	83.6	11.9	3.8	0.000 1~0.155 7	0.1~60.18
东疆 Eastern Xinjiang	103.75	163.12	14	7.57	85.7	12.6	1.7	0.000 1~0.145 1	0.12~102.1
塔城Tacheng	206.49	324.67	13	24.61	75.8	16.3	7.9	0.000 1~0.549 8	0.235~192.1
阿克苏Akesu	161.49	253.91	10	10.03	91.4	7.7	0	0.000 1~0.087	0.1~16.41
和田Hetian	154.48	242.9	21	5.51	79.9	17	2.1	0.000 1~0.145 1	0.23~60.18
石河子Shihezi	141.3	222.17	9	7.34	93.4	6.2	0.4	0.000 1~0.123 1	0.12~12.31
昌吉Changji	126.13	198.32	13	6.53	83.5	12.5	4	0.000 1~0.251 6	0.121~113.61
哈密Hami	106.9	168.07	14	10.28	76.2	20	3.8	0.000 1~0.145 1	0.105~102.1
吐鲁番Tulufan	101.65	159.82	14	5.76	91.6	8	0.4	0.000 1~0.098 4	0.12~71.14
巴音郭楞蒙古自治区州 Bayingollin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture	83.95	132	16	6.66	92.8	7.2	0	0.000 1~0.080 0	0.1~12.50
喀什Kashi	71.02	111.67	16	19.19	85.4	11.9	2.7	0.000 1~0.103 6	0.125~44.82

新疆棉花主产区土壤残膜赋存特征及相关性

Study on the occurrence characteristics and correlation of residual film in cotton field in Xinjiang

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