Abstract: [Objective] In order to explore the conservation tillage measures of jujube production in arid regions and promote the red jujube industry efficient,green,sustainable development in Southern Xinjiang.[Method]The soil water content from 0-100 cm soil layers in jujube orchard was evaluated and the yield of jujube and water use efficiency were analyzed by setting different conservation tillage methods.[Result] (1) The average soil water content with the treatment of tillage straw mulching (TS) reached 16.55 ;,which was 4.93;,1.97; and 7.34; higher than those of rotary tillage straw mulching (RS),no-till straw mulching (NS) and no-till bare land (NB) respectively.(2) In the whole growth period,soil water content of 0 to 100 soil profiles showed an overall increasing trend after the initial decrease.Tillage straw mulching (TS) obviously improved the soil water content of 60-100 cm soil profiles.(3) The yield and water use efficiency of the straw mulching (TS) were the highest,which were 10,500 kg/hm2 and 21.67 kg/hm2,respectively,compared with RS,NS,NB processing production,they were increased by 1,650 kg/hm2,3,000 kg/hm2,3,150 kg/hm2,and water use efficiency was increased by 4.33 kg/(mm · hm2),7.94 kg/(mm · hm2) and 8.07 kg/(mm · hm2).[Conclusion] A preliminary exploration of protection tillage straw mulching cultivation measures is more conducive to the implementation of jujube in extreme arid area.