玉米淀粉含量测定影响因素分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.02.006

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (2): 301-308.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.02.006

• 作物遗传育种·耕作栽培·种质资源·生理生化 • 上一篇下一篇

玉米淀粉含量测定影响因素分析

沙米西努尔·牙森(), 李晓荣, 蔡大润, 李娟, 刘志刚, 杨洋, 李波, 陈勋基, 陈果()

新疆农业科学院核技术生物技术研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2022-08-30 出版日期:2023-02-20 发布日期:2023-03-31
通信作者: 陈果(1984-),男,四川仪陇人,副研究员,博士,研究方向为玉米分子生物学,(E-mail)252931257@qq.com
作者简介:沙米西努尔·牙森(1996-),女,新疆阿图什人,硕士研究生,研究方向为玉米生理生化,(E-mail)237016140@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32160440);新疆农业科学院科技创新重点培育专项(xjkcpy-005);自治区创新环境-资源共享平台建设专项(PT2103)

Analysis of influencing factors on corn starch content determination

Shamixinuer Yasen(), LI Xiaorong, CAI Darun, LI Juan, LIU Zhigang, YANG Yang, LI Bo, CHEN Xunji, CHEN Guo()

Research Institute of Nuclear and Biotechnologies, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China

Received:2022-08-30 Online:2023-02-20 Published:2023-03-31
Correspondence author: CHEN Guo (1984-), male, native place: Yilong, Sichuan, assistant researcher, PhD, research field: maize molecular biology, (E-mail)252931257@qq.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160440);Special Cultivation Program for Scientifc and Technological Innovation of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences(xjkcpy-005);Autonomous Region Innovation Environment Resource Sharing Platform Construction Project(PT2103)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究不同检测方法对玉米直链淀粉和支链淀粉含量测定结果的影响,为玉米淀粉含量检测提供理论依据。【方法】 采用双波长分光光度计测定不同玉米中直链淀粉、支链淀粉含量,比较不同玉米中淀粉溶液参比波长、吸光度和吸光谱,并利用扫描电镜观察淀粉颗粒结构,研究影响玉米淀粉含量测定的因素。【结果】 高直链玉米、普通玉米和糯玉米中直链淀粉淀粉含量分别为64.8%、25%和1.9%,支链淀粉含量分别为32.3%、75.6%和97.1%。乙酸和盐酸处理后,3种玉米淀粉溶液pH值均降低,其中乙酸对高直链玉米淀粉溶液pH值影响最大。【结论】 盐酸处理后3种淀粉溶液吸光度值以及吸收峰值均高于乙酸处理的吸光度值,并且直链淀粉吸光度及吸光谱高于支链淀粉。普通玉米淀粉颗粒膨大,表面凹凸不平,呈不规则形状,高直链玉米淀粉颗粒结构改变虽有变化,但没有普通玉米剧烈。直链淀粉水溶液没有支链淀粉水溶液稳定。

关键词: 淀粉溶液; pH值; 吸光度; 吸光谱; 晶体结构; 淀粉溶液稳定性

Abstract:

【Objective】 In this study, the influence of different detection methods on the determination results of maize amylose and amylopectin content was discussed to provide a theoretical basis for the detection of maize starch content. 【Methods】 The contents of amylose and amylopectin in different maize were determined by dual wavelength spectrophotometer. The reference wavelength, absorbance and absorption spectrum of starch solution in different maize were compared, and the starch granule structure was observed by scanning electron microscope to study the factors affecting the determination of corn starch content. 【Results】 The amylose content in high amylose corn, normal corn and waxy corn is 64.8%, 25% and 1.9% respectively, and the amylopectin content is 32.3%, 75.6% and 97.1% respectively. Under acetic acid and hydrochloric acid treatments, the pH values of the three corn starch solutions decreased, and acetic acid had the greatest effect on the pH values of high amylose corn starch solutions. 【Conclusion】 Under hydrochloric acid treatment, the absorbance values and absorption peaks of the three starch solutions were higher than those of acetic acid treatment, and the absorbance and absorption spectra of amylose were higher than those of amylopectin. Normal corn starch granules are swollen, uneven and irregular in shape. Although the structure of high amylose corn starch granules has changed, it is not as violent as normal corn. Amylose aqueous solution is not stable as amylopectin aqueous solution.

Key words: starch solution; pH value; absorbance; aspiration spectrum; crystal structure; starch solution stability

中图分类号:

S513

沙米西努尔·牙森, 李晓荣, 蔡大润, 李娟, 刘志刚, 杨洋, 李波, 陈勋基, 陈果. 玉米淀粉含量测定影响因素分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(2): 301-308.

Shamixinuer Yasen, LI Xiaorong, CAI Darun, LI Juan, LIU Zhigang, YANG Yang, LI Bo, CHEN Xunji, CHEN Guo. Analysis of influencing factors on corn starch content determination[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(2): 301-308.

图/表 8

图1 不同淀粉含量的玉米籽粒表型

Fig. 1 The phenotype of kernels with different starch contents

图2 不同材料玉米籽粒淀粉含量变化

Fig. 2 Starch content in corn grains of different materials

图3 直链淀粉和支链淀粉的吸收光谱变化

Fig. 3 Absorption spectra of amylose and amylose

图4 乙酸和盐酸下3种淀粉溶液pH值变化注:***表示(P < 0.001),每个圆点表示一个数据点

Fig. 4 The effects of acetic acid and hydrochloric acid on pH of three starch solutions Note: *** means (P < 0.001), Each dot represents a data point

图5 乙酸和盐酸下淀粉溶液吸光度变化注:***表示(P< 0.001)。每个圆点表示一个数据点

Fig. 5 Influence of acetic acid and hydrochloric acid on absorbance of starch solutions Note:In order from left to right: amylose, normal starch and amylopectin.***means (P < 0.001),Each dot represents a data point

图6 乙酸和盐酸下淀粉溶液吸收光谱变化注:A:直链淀粉;B:普通淀粉;C:支链淀粉

Fig.6 Effects of acetic acid and hydrochloric acid on absorption spectra of starch solutions Note:A: amylose; B: Normal starch; C: amylopectin

图7 普通玉米淀粉亚显微结构2 000倍扫描照片注:B:高直链玉米淀粉亚显微结构×2000倍扫描照片;C:HCl处理后普通玉米淀粉亚显微结构2000倍扫描照片;D:HCl处理后高直链玉米淀粉亚显微结构2000倍扫描照片

Fig. 7 Normal starch submicration 2,000 times scanned photo Note:B: high amylose substructure 2000 times scan photo; C: HCl processed normal starch submicration 2000 times scan photo; D: HCl processed high amylose submicration 2000 times scan photo

图8 支链淀粉和直链淀粉溶液稳定性注:A:支链淀粉;B:直链淀粉

Fig.8 Stability of amylopectin and amylose solutions Note:A: amylopectin, B: amylose

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玉米淀粉含量测定影响因素分析

Analysis of influencing factors on corn starch content determination

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