铜处理对菠菜幼苗体内氧化应激反应和矿质元素吸收的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.11.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究不同浓度Cu处理对菠菜幼苗氧化应激反应、矿质营养吸收的影响,分析菠菜的耐Cu机理,为筛选强耐Cu性植物提供理论依据。【方法】以菠菜幼苗为材料,设置6组Cu处理浓度,处理7 d后,采样测试植物生物量、抗氧化物酶活性、大量元素和微量元素含量等指标的影响。【结果】低浓度Cu处理(50 mg/kg Cu浓度)时,菠菜幼苗体内Cu含量增加,但是并没有对植物的生长生理活动造成影响,主要表现为植物生物量显著增加,叶部K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Ni元素含量,以及根部N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn、Mo、Ni含量均达到最大值,其原因可能是植物能够主动提升自身抗氧化能力(SOD、APX活性和脯氨酸含量增加),将膜质过氧化伤害降至最低,避免Cu²⁺积累对植物产生的伤害。而高浓度Cu胁迫(1 000 mg/kg Cu浓度)时,菠菜幼苗体内的Cu含量增至最大值,SOD、CAT活性虽有增加但是也无法抵御高浓度Cu对膜质过氧化的严重伤害,幼苗叶部的N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Mo、Ni含量,以及根部P、K、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn、Mo、Ni含量显著下降,生物量降至最低,高浓度Cu胁迫已超过了植物抵御胁迫伤害的能力,严重抑制了植物生长和矿质元素吸收。【结论】菠菜幼苗能够表现出较强的耐Cu性,将其作为Cu污染土壤修复的备选植物。

关键词: 铜处理; 菠菜幼苗; 氧化应激反应; 矿质元素吸收

Abstract:

【Objective】 This experiment aims to reveal the cu-resistance mechanism of spinach and provide theoretical basis for screening cu-resistant plants by studying the effects of different Cu concentrations on oxidative stress response and mineral element absorption of spinach seedlings. 【Methods】 In this experiment, spinach seedlings were used as experimental materials, and 6 groups of Cu concentrations were set. After 7 days of treatment, the influences of plant biomass, antioxidant enzyme activity, contents of a large number of elements and trace elements were sampled and tested. 【Results】 The results showed that by low concentration of Cu treatment (50 mg/kg Cu concentration), spinach seedling Cu content increased in the body, but did not affect the growth of plant physiological activities, mainly because the plant biomass increased significantly, the leaf of K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Ni, element content and the root of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mo, Ni content all reached the maximum level, the reason for which might be that the plant can be active to raise their antioxidant capacity (SOD, APX activities and proline content increased), membranous peroxide damage decreased to the minimum, avoiding damage to plants caused by Cu²⁺ accumulation. And high concentration of Cu stress concentration of Cu (1,000 mg/kg), the Cu content of spinach in seedling increased to the maximum, SOD, although CAT activities increased but could not withstand high concentrations of Cu serious harm of membranous peroxide. N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Mo and Ni contents of the seedling leaf and P, K, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mo and Ni of the roots decreased significantly, so the biomass decreased to the minimums, which indicated that high concentration of Cu stress exceeded the ability of plants to resist stress injury and seriously inhibited plant growth and mineral element absorption. 【Conclusion】 In summary, spinach seedlings show strong resistance to Cu, so it can be considered as an alternative plant for cu-contaminated soil remediation.

Key words: copper treatment; spinach seedlings; oxidative stress response; absorption of mineral elements

中图分类号:

S636.1

公勤, 车勇, 王玲, 李兆华. 铜处理对菠菜幼苗体内氧化应激反应和矿质元素吸收的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(11): 2111-2121.

GONG Qin, CHE Yong, WANG Ling, LI Zhaohua. Effects of Copper Treatment on Oxidative Stress Response and Mineral Element Uptake in Spinach Seedlings[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(11): 2111-2121.

图/表 8

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处理浓度 Treatment Concentration (mg/kg)	根长 Total root length (cm)	根表面积 Total root surface area (cm²)	根系平均直径 Total root average diameter (mm)	总根分叉数 Total root forks number	总根尖数 Total root tips number
0	96.72±1.79^d	14.04±0.48^cd	0.47±0.03^bc	1 160.67±3.09^e	336.33±8.26^e
50	129.03±2.52^e	14.76±1.04^d	0.54±0.05^c	1 267.67±1.25^f	365.67±4.03^f
100	82.78±2.54^c	12.86±1.19^c	0.47±0.07^bc	1 130.67±12.47^d	259.33±7.41^d
400	73.91±3.96^c	11.41±0.15^b	0.46±0.08^bc	1 043.00±9.09^c	206.00±1.41^c
700	64.70±2.21^b	11.21±0.07^b	0.36±0.03^ab	847.33±4.03^b	176.67±3.86^b
1000	54.98±1.12^a	9.54±0.37^a	0.35±0.02^a	654.67±2.49^a	106.00±0.82^a

处理浓度 Treatment Concentration (mg/kg)	根长 Total root length (cm)	根表面积 Total root surface area (cm²)	根系平均直径 Total root average diameter (mm)	总根分叉数 Total root forks number	总根尖数 Total root tips number
0	96.72±1.79^d	14.04±0.48^cd	0.47±0.03^bc	1 160.67±3.09^e	336.33±8.26^e
50	129.03±2.52^e	14.76±1.04^d	0.54±0.05^c	1 267.67±1.25^f	365.67±4.03^f
100	82.78±2.54^c	12.86±1.19^c	0.47±0.07^bc	1 130.67±12.47^d	259.33±7.41^d
400	73.91±3.96^c	11.41±0.15^b	0.46±0.08^bc	1 043.00±9.09^c	206.00±1.41^c
700	64.70±2.21^b	11.21±0.07^b	0.36±0.03^ab	847.33±4.03^b	176.67±3.86^b
1000	54.98±1.12^a	9.54±0.37^a	0.35±0.02^a	654.67±2.49^a	106.00±0.82^a

处理浓度 Treatment concentration (mg/kg)	叶部 Leaves (mg/kg)	根部 Roots (mg/kg)
0	19.72±0.14^a	7.97±0.06^a
50	194.30±3.82^b	14.60±0.04^b
100	295.08±9.32^c	30.10±0.04^c
400	1 908.17±16.60^d	120.97±0.06^d
700	3 005.83±21.21^e	194.15±1.06^e
1 000	3 611.00±21.52^f	230.85±2.35^f

处理浓度 Treatment concentration (mg/kg)	叶部 Leaves (mg/kg)	根部 Roots (mg/kg)
0	19.72±0.14^a	7.97±0.06^a
50	194.30±3.82^b	14.60±0.04^b
100	295.08±9.32^c	30.10±0.04^c
400	1 908.17±16.60^d	120.97±0.06^d
700	3 005.83±21.21^e	194.15±1.06^e
1 000	3 611.00±21.52^f	230.85±2.35^f

部位 Part	处理浓度 Treatment concentration (mg/kg)	N (mg/g)	P (μg/g)	K (μg/g)	Ca (μg/g)	Mg (μg/g)
叶部 Leaves	0	83.43±0.62^b	901.63±1.74^b	38.11±0.29^c	1 488.92±10.36^d	13.09±0.13^d
	50	83.47±0.62^b	863.63±6.76^a	46.76±0.23^e	1 777.50±15.84^f	14.16±0.02^f
	100	97.03±1.89^e	867.33±5.69^a	41.65±1.93^d	1 709.17±5.62^e	13.48±0.08^e
	400	90.77±1.07^d	926.08±8.20^c	37.66±1.29^c	1 445.42±4.60^c	12.35±0.04^c
	700	86.73±0.39^c	921.63±3.29^c	33.91±0.85^b	1 351.46±6.85^b	6.12±0.02^b
	1 000	77.47±0.79^a	859.83±11.71^a	30.75±0.16^a	1 208.43±1.47^a	4.57±0.04^a
根部 Roots	0	37.93±0.25^a	727.31±1.58^e	16.76±0.15^c	357.11±4.60^a	753.71±3.49^e
	50	56.87±0.57^f	741.20±1.41^f	18.35±0.19^d	1 207.33±3.52^f	802.19±2.23^f
	100	53.83±0.63^e	661.33±1.22^d	17.99±0.59^cd	1 076.00±7.15^e	682.13±1.10^d
	400	51.70±0.37^d	584.19±1.80^c	17.21±1.25^cd	940.67±5.31^d	635.88±1.85^c
	700	48.73±0.83^c	420.88±3.45^b	14.84±0.39^b	900.33±3.63^c	529.41±1.43^b
	1 000	40.43±0.63^b	372.41±2.93^a	11.16±0.26^a	751.33±4.73^b	498.52±5.95^a