一种腐熟菌剂对粪肥腐熟过程中菌群结构及其肥效的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.05.016

新疆农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (5): 927-935.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.05.016

• 土壤肥料·贮藏加工·植物保护·畜牧水产 • 上一篇下一篇

一种腐熟菌剂对粪肥腐熟过程中菌群结构及其肥效的影响

陈竞, 谢玉清, 代金平, 古丽·艾合买提, 张慧涛, 王志方, 杨新平, 秦新政, 王小武, 冯蕾

新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所/新疆特殊环境微生物重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2019-04-15 发布日期:2019-05-20
通信作者: 冯蕾(1967-),女,新疆乌鲁木齐人,研究员,博士,研究方向为生物质转化,(E-mail)fl_xj03@sina.com
作者简介:陈竞(1981-),男,新疆乌鲁木齐人,助理研究员,研究方向为农业废弃物综合利用,(E-mail)592393697@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(2166038);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2017B01003);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2017B01001);自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务经费(KY2017065);自治区农业科技推广与服务(20180618)

Effect of Decomposing Bacteria Agent on Microbial Community and Manurial Efficiency in Manure

CHEN Jing, XIE Yu-qing, DAI Jin-ping, Guli Ahmat, ZHANG Hui-tao, WANG Zhi-fang, YANG Xin-ping, QIN Xin-zheng , WANG Xiao-wu , FENG Lei

Key Laboratory of Special Environmental Microorganisms in Xinjiang /Research Institute of Applied Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China

Received:2019-04-15 Published:2019-05-20
Correspondence author: FENG Lei(1967-),Female, Urumqi , Xinjiang, Professor, Research direction is Biomass conversion,(E-mail) fl_xj03@sina.com
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(2166038);Key R & D Projects of Xinjiang(2017B01003)and(2017B01001) Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry (Agriculture) Scientific R & D Program of Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China(KY2017065); Agricultural Science and Technology Extension and Service Project of Xinjiang(20180618)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究添加一种自制的腐熟菌剂,对牛粪、羊粪、鸡粪三种粪肥发酵腐熟后菌群结构和数量及其肥效的影响。【方法】采用高通量测序技术及RT-PCR技术,对三种腐熟后的粪肥细菌菌群结构和丰度进行分析;采用国标化学法分析有机肥主要理化指标;采用番茄育苗试验评价苗期肥效。【结果】在牛、羊、鸡粪中添加菌剂处理的样本中厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)均有较高水平的聚类,菌群丰富度低且优势菌群种类单一,其中,在牛粪样品NA中乳酸菌属(Lactobacillu)OTUs占样品总OTUs的44%;育苗后穴盘样品优势菌群丰富度明显增加,其中丛毛单胞菌属(Comamonas)、短波单胞菌属(Brevundmonas)、变形杆菌(Dyadobacter )、鞘氨醇单胞菌(Sphingomonas)和假单胞菌(Pseudpmonas)均表现较高的丰度,而未加菌剂处理的腐熟样品和穴盘样品N5和N5P菌群变化不明显。甲基营养型芽孢杆菌(Bacillus methylotrophicus)和类球红细菌(Rhodobacter sphaeroides)在腐熟粪肥样本NA和JA中均有较高的拷贝数。添加菌剂处理粪肥能明显促进肥料酸化,使其pH在4.78~5.90,有机质含量提升到56%以上,全氮大于5%;番茄育苗试验中,牛粪NA、羊粪YA和鸡粪JA处理平均株高分别比对照组增高了47.16%、46.28%和47.65%。【结论】该腐熟菌剂能有效增加粪肥中功能菌群数量、优化优势菌群结构、并促进肥料酸化、显著提高肥料有机质和全氮含量,腐熟后的粪肥对番茄苗期生长肥效显著

关键词: 腐熟菌剂; 粪肥; 菌群结构和丰度; 肥效

Abstract: 【Objective】 To research the effect of self-developed decomposing bacteria agent on the bacterial community and manurial efficiency in manure.【Method】High-flux sequencing and RT-PCR were used to investigate the microflora in three kinds of manure. The main physicochemical indexes of manure were analyzed by international standard chemical method, and tomatoes seedling raising test was used to evaluate the fertilizer efficiency.【Result】Firmicutes and Proteobacteria dominate at the end of fermentation in three kinds of manure. There were low diversity and few dominant communities of bacteria. The OTUs of Lactobacillu had 44% proportion of total OTUs. The bacterial diversity was abundant in sample undergoing tomatoes seedling raising including Comamonas, Brevundmonas, Dyadobacter, Sphingomonas and Pseudpmonas, but there was no obvious change in untreated sample N5 and N5P. The results of RT-PCR showed that Bacillus methylotrophicus and Rhodobacter sphaeroides had large quantities in NA and JA. The manure could be obviously acidized and keep its pH Value between 4.78－ 5.90. The organic content increased to more than 56% and total nitrogen content was more than 5%. Through tomato seedling raising test average heights of tomato plants were 47.16%, 46.28% and 47.65%, respectively higher than those of the control group.【Conclusion】The decomposing bacteria agent can increase dominant microbiota in manure and accelerate the acidification of fertilizer dramatically. The fertilizer has a positive function on the growth of tomato plants in the seedling stage

Key words: decomposing bacteria agent; organic manure; microbial community; manure efficiency

中图分类号:

S188

陈竞, 谢玉清, 代金平, 古丽·艾合买提, 张慧涛, 王志方, 杨新平, 秦新政, 王小武, 冯蕾. 一种腐熟菌剂对粪肥腐熟过程中菌群结构及其肥效的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2019, 56(5): 927-935.

CHEN Jing, XIE Yu-qing, DAI Jin-ping, Guli Ahmat, ZHANG Hui-tao, WANG Zhi-fang, YANG Xin-ping, QIN Xin-zheng , WANG Xiao-wu , FENG Lei. Effect of Decomposing Bacteria Agent on Microbial Community and Manurial Efficiency in Manure[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 56(5): 927-935.

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一种腐熟菌剂对粪肥腐熟过程中菌群结构及其肥效的影响

Effect of Decomposing Bacteria Agent on Microbial Community and Manurial Efficiency in Manure

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