引起核桃种子休眠的主要因素及其休眠类型

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2017.12.008

新疆农业科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (12): 2218-2226.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2017.12.008

引起核桃种子休眠的主要因素及其休眠类型

阿卜杜许库尔·牙合甫¹, 古丽尼沙·沙依明尼亚孜², 海利力·库尔班³, 吐逊古丽·托乎提⁴, 何丹³, 加帕尔·卡迪尔²

1.新疆林业科学院经济林研究所,乌鲁木齐 830063;
2.吐鲁番地区鄯善县林业局,新疆鄯善 838200;
3.新疆安居丹生物科技有限公司,乌鲁木齐 830011;
4.新疆农业大学园艺学院,乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2017-09-06 出版日期:2017-12-25 发布日期:2018-01-29
通信作者: 海利力·库尔班(1958-),男,新疆人,教授,研究方向为植物逆境生理学,(E-mail)hkurban@163.com
作者简介:阿卜杜许库尔·牙合(1981-),男,新疆哈密人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向为种子生理及植物栽培生理,(E-mail)Komulxj@163.com
基金资助:
自治区法人科技特派员服务县市项目“核桃高接改优及标准化管理技术示范”(2016D09F013);自治区科协学会重点资助项目资助(“百会万人下基层”科技服务重点活动)“移栽建园核桃树标准化管理技术培训示范”(2016)

The Main Factors Inducing the Walnut(Juglans regia L.)Seed Dormancy and the Types of Dormancy

Abduxukur Yakup¹, Gulnisa Sayimniyaz², Halil Kurban³, Tursungul Tohti⁴, HE Dan³, Jappar Kadir²

1.Economic Forestry Research Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences,Urumqi, 830063 China;
2.Forestry Bureau of Piqan County,Turpan Region,Shanshan Xinjiang 838200, China;
3.Xinjiang Anjudan Biotechnology Co.Ltd., Urumqi 830011, China;
4.College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2017-09-06 Online:2017-12-25 Published:2018-01-29
Correspondence author: Halil Kurban(1958-),male,Professor,The research fields:Plant Stress Physiology,(E-mail)hkurban@163.com
Supported by:
The science and technology ombudsman of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region service for counties and cities" The demonstration of the high grafting optimization and standard management technology of walnut" (2016D09F013); The key funding projects of association for science and technology institute of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (the key activities of science and technology services by "Hundreds of thousands of people go to the grassroots") "the demonstration of standardized management techniques for the transplanting and orchard establishment of walnut trees" (2016);

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究核桃种子休眠的成因及类型。【方法】对核桃种子进行短期低温层积、外用赤霉素(GA₃、清水浸泡和清水浸泡加日光暴晒处理,观察种子发芽率、发芽指数和发芽势,并浸提核桃种壳内的水溶性萌发抑制物质进行生物检测。【结果】核桃种子进行短期低温层积及GA₃处理与CK间无显著差异(|U|≤1.96),而浸种15 d和浸种15 d +自然暴晒处理对发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数的促进作用均较其对照有显著提高(|U|≥2.58)。核桃种壳粗浸提液对小麦种子的萌发率及根、芽生长的抑制效应随浓度增加而上升,当浓度达1.5 g/mL时,小麦种子的萌发率和根、芽的生长率分别为对照的26%、6%和5%。【结论】核桃种子内源GA₃/ABA的比值有可能调节其休眠,而水溶性抑制物质和种壳的机械阻碍是调控其休眠的主导因素。确定核桃种子的休眠为生理休眠型和机械障碍休眠型。

关键词: 核桃种子; 打破休眠; 抑制物质; ABA; 休眠类型

Abstract: 【Objective】 This project aims to reveal the causes and types of walnut seed dormancy.The present research was carried out to investigate causal factors of the walnut seed dormancy and types.【Method】The walnut seeds were treated sand stratification in short period of moist low temperature sand stratification, soaked in external gibberellic acid (GA₃) , water soak treatment and water soak treatment with sunlight exposure treatment to observes seed germination percentage,germination index,germination potential. After that, the water soluble germination inhibitor in walnut seed shell was extracted and detected by bioassay. and bioassay of walnut endocarp soaking solution.【Result】The results showed that both moist low temperature in short period of sand stratification and GA₃ treatment did not show any significant difference compared with CK(|U|≤1.96). Both soaked (15 days) and additional sun exposure for 2h after soaking (15 days) increased the percentage of seed germination,germination index as well as the germination potential with a significant differences compared with CK (|U|≥2.58); The bioassay experiment showed that walnut endocarp contained certain amount of soluble germination inhibitory substance, compared with the control, and at the level of 1.5 g/ml (dry weight) concentration, the germination rate, root and shoot growth rate of wheat seeds were 26%, 6% and 5% of those of CK, respectively.【Conclusion】Comprehensive analysis showed that, the ratio of endogenous GA₃/ABA in walnut seeds might regulate its dormancy, and water soluble inhibitory substances with the mechanical hindrance of seed shell are the dominant factors to regulate dormancy. In conclusion, the project confirms that the dormancy of walnut seeds belongs to physiological dormancy type and mechanical obstacle dormancy type.

Key words: walnut seeds; dormancy breaking; inhibitory substance; ABA; dormancy type

中图分类号:

S664.1

阿卜杜许库尔·牙合甫, 古丽尼沙·沙依明尼亚孜, 海利力·库尔班, 吐逊古丽·托乎提, 何丹, 加帕尔·卡迪尔. 引起核桃种子休眠的主要因素及其休眠类型[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2017, 54(12): 2218-2226.

Abduxukur Yakup, Gulnisa Sayimniyaz, Halil Kurban, Tursungul Tohti, HE Dan, Jappar Kadir. The Main Factors Inducing the Walnut(Juglans regia L.)Seed Dormancy and the Types of Dormancy[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 54(12): 2218-2226.

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引起核桃种子休眠的主要因素及其休眠类型

The Main Factors Inducing the Walnut(Juglans regia L.)Seed Dormancy and the Types of Dormancy

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