Abstract:

【Objective】 To investigate the current status and development trends of ecological cultivation of medicinal plants in Xinjiang, and propose recommendations and strategies for advancing regional ecological planting practices. 【Methods】 The study employed literature review, questionnaire surveys, and field investigations to assess the ecological cultivation of medicinal plants in Xinjiang.Key regions, including Urumqi, Altay (Northern Xinjiang), Kashgar, and Hotan (Southern Xinjiang), were surveyed to analyze main cultivated varieties, planting areas, cultivation models, management entities, and comprehensive benefits. 【Results】 Xinjiang has established an ecological cultivation industry for medicinal plants, focusing on authentic species such as Cistanche deserticola, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Fritillaria, Arnebia euchroma, Carthamus tinctorius, and Hippophae rhamnoides.Distinctive cultivation models include under-forest planting, wild nurturing, intercropping (e.g., grain-medicine, cotton-medicine, and mixed medicinal crops), crop rotation, landscape ecological planting, and eco-tourism integration.However, challenges persist, including insufficient foundational research on ecological models and lagging standardization. 【Conclusion】 To enhance the ecological cultivation industry, Xinjiang should leverage regional advantages by selecting suitable species and cultivation models, strengthening policy support, and improving development mechanisms.Addressing research gaps and accelerating standardization are critical for sustainable growth.

Key words: medicinal plants; ecological cultivation; current status

摘要：

【目的】 研究新疆中药材生态种植现状及发展趋势,提出中药材生态种植发展对策。【方法】 采用查阅文献、问卷咨询、实地调研与野外考察等方法,调研新疆中药材生态种植现状,内容包括:乌鲁木齐周边。北疆阿勒泰地区,南疆喀什地区、和田地区等中药材生态种植的主要品种、面积、种植模式、经营主体和综合效益等。【结果】 新疆形成了以肉苁蓉、甘草、贝母、罗布麻和新疆紫草等道地药材品种为主,中药材林下种植、野生抚育、粮药/棉药/药药间套作和景观生态种植、生态观光模式等为特色的中药材生态种植产业。但仍存在中药材生态种植模式基础研究薄弱、标准规范滞后等问题亟待解决。【结论】 新疆中药材生态种植产业应明确区域区位特点优势,选择适宜品种和种植模式,完善中药材生态种植发展机制,推动新疆地区中药生态种植产业发展。

关键词: 中药材, 生态种植, 现状