Occurrence and damage of two kinds of Hippophae rhamnoide pests

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.06.019

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 In order to clarify the cause of the weak and dry death of a large area of Hippophae rhamnoides trees in Aheqi County of Xinjiang and Urumqi County, the investigation of Hippophae rhamnoides forests in two places was carried out in the hope of providing theoretical basis for the effective control of sea-buckthorn pests and diseases. 【Methods】 The standard survey method was used to investigate the situation of Hippophae rhamnoides forest and identify the species of diseases and insect pests.The damaged Hippophae rhamnoides was dissected to determine its harm characteristics and its spawning position was investigated by means of foot survey. 【Results】 Hippophae rhamnoides forest in Aheqi County was harmed by the Cossus cossus (Linne) and the Holcocerus Arenicola (Staudinger), and the Hippophae rhamnoides forest in Urumqi County was harmed by the Cossus cossus (Linne), which caused a large area of Hippophae rhamnoides tree weakness, dry death.In Aheqi County and Urumchi County, the occurrence rate of Cossus cossus (Linne) was 52.25%.In Aheqi County, the occurrence rate of Cossus cossus (Linne) was 62.40%, and the population density was 24.62 per plant, with the highest number of 85 per plant.In Urumqi county, the infestation rate of aromatic Cossus cossus (Linne) was 42.10%, the infestation density was 100.62 per infestation, and the single infestation was up to 288.The number of egg blocks in the position of 91~150 cm of Hippophae rhamnoides trunk was the largest, accounting for 54.10% of the total number of egg blocks.The larva of the current year distributed most in the position of 31~60 cm of Hippophae rhamnoides trunk, accounting for 31.05% of the total number of larvae.When the height of the trunk was more than 180 cm, the number of egg blocks and larvae in the current year decreased sharply or even did not distribute.The number of out-of-year larvae in the root of Hippophae rhamnoides was the highest (423, accounting for 45.58% of the total number), and their number decreased with the increase of trunk height within 120 cm. 【Conclusion】 The dry death of Hippophae rhamnoides in Aheqi County and Urumqi County of Xinjiang was caused by the harm of Cossus cossus (Linne) and Holcocerus Arenicola (Staudinger), and Cossus cossus (Linne) has been serious.The best time for chemical control is the incubation period of the eggs and the period when the newly hatched larvae first drill into the bark, which can be sprayed at the position of 31~150 cm in the cadre of Hippophae rhamnoides.

Key words: Hippophae rhamnoides; cossidae; insect situation investigation; hazard characteristic

摘要：

【目的】研究新疆阿合奇县、乌鲁木齐县大面积沙棘树势衰弱、干枯死亡的原因,为有效控制沙棘病虫危害提供理论依据。【方法】采用标准地调查法调查沙棘林虫情,鉴定发生病虫害的种类,并通过解剖被害沙棘,确定其特性,采用踏查方法分析其产卵位置。【结果】阿合奇县沙棘林由芳香木蠹蛾、沙柳木蠹蛾共同危害,乌鲁木齐县沙棘林由芳香木蠹蛾危害而树势衰弱,干枯死亡。其中芳香木蠹蛾在阿合奇县和乌鲁木齐发生严重,综合有虫株率达52.25%,其中阿合奇县芳香木蠹蛾有虫株率达62.40%,虫口密度达24.62头/株,单株最高达85头;乌鲁木齐县芳香木蠹蛾有虫株率达42.10%,虫口密度达100.62头/株,单株最高达288头。卵块在沙棘树干91~150 cm上分布数量最多,占卵块总数的54.10%;当年生幼虫在沙棘树干31~60 cm位置分布数量最多,占总虫数的31.05%;且当树干高度超过180 cm时,卵块及当年生幼虫分布数量急剧减少甚至不分布。非当年生幼虫在沙棘根部分布数量最高,达423头,占总虫数的45.58%,且其数量在树高120 cm范围内随树干高度的增加呈递减趋势。【结论】新疆阿合奇县、乌鲁木齐县沙棘干枯死亡是芳香木蠹蛾、沙柳木蠹蛾危害所致,而芳香木蠹蛾严重发生。芳香木蠹蛾卵的孵化期及初孵幼虫初钻蛀树皮危害时期是药剂防治的最佳时期,可喷洒在沙棘干部31~150 cm位置。

关键词: 沙棘, 木蠹蛾, 虫情调查, 危害特性

CLC Number:

S433

LI Xin, Adil Sattar, LI Ziang, JIN Yujie, Baixianguli Tuohetuoerbayi, MAO Wenbin. Occurrence and damage of two kinds of Hippophae rhamnoide pests[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(6): 1454-1460.

李欣, 阿地力·沙塔尔, 李子昂, 金玉杰, 白先古丽·托合托尔巴依, 毛文斌. 两种沙棘钻蛀性害虫发生与危害分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(6): 1454-1460.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1 Morphological characteristics of Holcocerus Arenicola (Staudinger) (a、b) and Cossus cossus (Linne)(c、d)

Fig.2 Hazard characteristics of Cossus cossus (Linne) and Holcocerus Arenicola (Staudinger) Note:a.b.Egg clumps in cracks or bruises on bark; c.Hazard of the hatchlings burrowing under the bark; d.Damage to the roots of Hippophae rhamnoides L.by the mature larvae of the Cossus cossus (Linne); e.Harm of the old mature larvae of the Cossus cossus (Linne) in the cadre of Hippophae rhamnoides L.; f.g.Holcocerus Arenicola (Staudinger) is a hazard in Hippophae rhamnoides L.cadres; h.Cross section of the insect tract of infested Hippophae rhamnoides L.; i.Longitudinal section of the insect tract of damaged Hippophae rhamnoides L.; j.k.Fresh and old dung of the Cossus cossus (Linne); l.Damaged Hippophae rhamnoides L.withered and died

Tab.1 Survey on Cossus cossus (Linne)'s infestation in Aheqi County and Urumqi County

地区 Region	调查株数(株) Plant number investigated (plant)		被害株数(株) Number of killed plants(plant)	有虫株率 Infestation rate (%)	虫口密度 (头/株) Mouth density (head/plant)	单株最高(头) Highest per plant (head)
阿合奇县 Aheqi county	沙棘	2 452	1 530	62.40	24.62	85
乌鲁木齐县 Urumqi County	沙棘	682	287	42.10	100.62	288
乌鲁木齐县 Urumqi County	榆树	337	72	21.40	-	-

Tab.2 Distribution position and number of egg mass and current larvae in the root and cadre of Hippophae rhamnoides

项目 Items		分布区段Distribution area(cm)
项目 Items		根部 Root of the thigh	0~30	31~60	61~90	91~120	121~150	151~180	181~210
虫态 Insect state	每株卵块(个)	0	7	8	8	16	17	4	1
虫态 Insect state	当年生幼虫(只)	39	261	665	456	203	448	70	0
百分率 The percentage(%)	卵块	0.00	11.48	13.11	13.11	26.23	27.87	6.56	1.64
百分率 The percentage(%)	当年生幼虫	1.82	12.18	31.05	21.29	9.48	20.92	3.27	0.00

Fig.3 Distribution of egg mass on the main stem of Cossus cossus (Linne)

Fig.4 Distribution of current larvae on the main stem of Cossus cossus (Linne)

Tab.3 Distribution position and number of non-current larvae in the root and cadre of Hippophae rhamnoides

项目 Items	分布区段Distribution area(cm)
项目 Items	根部 Root of the thigh	0~30	31~60	61~90	91~120	121~150	151~180	181~210
非当年生幼虫(只) Non-current year larvae(bird)	423	355	108	18	1	22	0	1
百分率 The percentage(%)	45.58	38.25	11.64	1.94	0.11	2.37	0.00	0.11

Fig.5 Distribution of larva on roots and branches of Cossus cossus (Linne)

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